adubação do algodoeiro: viii - ensaios com diversos adubos fosfatados (2.ª série) fertilizer experiments with cotton: viii - trials with various phosphorus fertilizers (2nd series)
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1960
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Abstract
Continuando a publicação dos ensaios destinados a determinar a eficiência relativa de diversos fosfatos na adubação do algodoeiro, os autores relatam os resultados obtidos nos que foram conduzidos entre 1941-42 e 1944-45. Nesta 2.ª série figuram oito ensaios, dois dos quais só foram aproveitados para estudar a influência dos adubos sôbre a germinação. Dos seis utilizados para verificar o efeito sôbre a produção, dois foram localizados em terra-roxo-legítima (Piracicaba e Ribeirão Prêto), três em terra-roxa-misturada (um em Campinas e dois em Limeira) e um em solo massapê-salmourão (Mococa). Um dos ensaios foi executado sòmente por um ano, mas os outros foram conduzidos, nos mesmos canteiros, por dois a quatro anos. A dose de P2O5, 80 kg/ha, foi sempre empregada na presença de azôto e potássio (salitre do Chile e cloreto de potássio). Todos os adubos foram aplicados nos sulcos de plantio. Exceto no ensaio de Piracicaba, instalado em solo aparentemente muito fértil, o efeito do fósforo sôbre a produção variou entre sofrível e verdadeiramente espetacular. No conjunto dêstes cinco ensaios Serranafosfato e farinha de ossos degelatinados deram resultados equivalentes e superiores aos de Cibrafosfata, enquanto superfosfato se mostrou superior aos três. Essas diferenças tenderam a diminuir nos ensaios que duraram mais de um ano. O fósforo não modificou a marcha da frutificação em um dos ensaios, mas apressou-a consideràvelmente nos outros quatro. Nesse sentido superfosfato foi mais eficiente em dois ensaios; nos outros dois todos os fosfatos se mostraram iguais. Em regra o fósforo aumentou o pêso dos capulhos e das sementes, mas não alterou a porcentagem de fibra e o comprimento desta, mesmo quando seu efeito sôbre a produção foi muito grande. No último ano de dois ensaios conduzidos por quatro anos - um em terra-roxa-misturada e o outro em solo massapê-salmourão - não se empregaram adubos. Nos dois casos o efeito residual do fósforo foi enorme, sendo que superfosfato, Serranafosfato e farinha de ossos se mostraram equivalentes e superiores a Cibrafosfato. Estudando conjuntamente os ensaios que entraram neste e no artigo anterior, os autores concluíram que superfosfato se comportou melhor que os outros fosfatos menos solúveis, no que toca ao efeito imediato, e não foi inferior o êles no que toca ao efeito residual.
Proceeding with the publication begun in a previous paper, the authors report the results of further experiments designed to test the efficiency of various phosphates for cotton. This second series was conducted between 1941-42 and 1944-45. While one of the six experiments utilized to determine the effects on the yields was annual, the others were conducted in the same plots for two to four seasons. The yearly application of P2O3, 80 kilograms per hectare, was always used in the presence of nitrogen and potash. Except in one of the experiments, where no effect was observed, the responses to phosphorus varied from fair to very high. In the average of the latter five experiments, bone meal and Serranaphosphate gave similar results and were superior to Cibraphosphate, while superphosphate was superior to all of them. As a rule these differences tended to decrease as the number of years of the experiments was increased. In four of the five experiments phosphorus hastened the fruiting march of the cotton plant. In this regard the influence of the various phosphates was similar in two experiments, while in the others, located on soils highly deficient in this nutrient, superphosphate was superior. Generally phosphorus increased the weight of the bolls and seeds, but did not influence the lint percentage and length, even where the effects an the yields were very high. The residual effect of phosphorus, which was studied in two of the experiments, was very high, and even on the "terra-roxa-misturada" soil (one experiment) superphosphate, bone meal and Serranaphosphate gave similar results, these three being superior to Cibraphosphate.
Proceeding with the publication begun in a previous paper, the authors report the results of further experiments designed to test the efficiency of various phosphates for cotton. This second series was conducted between 1941-42 and 1944-45. While one of the six experiments utilized to determine the effects on the yields was annual, the others were conducted in the same plots for two to four seasons. The yearly application of P2O3, 80 kilograms per hectare, was always used in the presence of nitrogen and potash. Except in one of the experiments, where no effect was observed, the responses to phosphorus varied from fair to very high. In the average of the latter five experiments, bone meal and Serranaphosphate gave similar results and were superior to Cibraphosphate, while superphosphate was superior to all of them. As a rule these differences tended to decrease as the number of years of the experiments was increased. In four of the five experiments phosphorus hastened the fruiting march of the cotton plant. In this regard the influence of the various phosphates was similar in two experiments, while in the others, located on soils highly deficient in this nutrient, superphosphate was superior. Generally phosphorus increased the weight of the bolls and seeds, but did not influence the lint percentage and length, even where the effects an the yields were very high. The residual effect of phosphorus, which was studied in two of the experiments, was very high, and even on the "terra-roxa-misturada" soil (one experiment) superphosphate, bone meal and Serranaphosphate gave similar results, these three being superior to Cibraphosphate.
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| Authors | ;Heitor de C. Aguiar;D. Marcondes Corrêa;O. S. Neves;E. S. Freire |
| Journal | revista espanola de salud publica |
| Year | 1960 |
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