plantas infestantes em lavouras de milho safrinha, sob diferentes manejos, no médio paranapanema weed in second corn crops submitted to different systems in the médio paranapanema region

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ID: 191384
2007
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Abstract
Um levantamento de plantas daninhas foi realizado em 20 lavouras de milho safrinha em 1997 e 40 em 1998 e 1999, depois da soja, na região do Médio Paranapanema-SP. O levantamento abrangeu os municípios de Assis, Campos Novos, Cândido Mota, Cruzália, Florínea, Maracaí, Palmital, Pedrinhas Paulista e Platina. No estádio de enchimento de grãos, as lavouras foram percorridas em ziguezague, a partir de quatro pontos de entrada, de maneira a representar a área total. As lavouras foram subdivididas de acordo com as condições de manejo das culturas: semeadura direta, semeadura convencional em solo preparado com grade e semeadura de milho safrinha na palha de soja cultivada no sistema convencional. Em cada lavoura foram cadastrados o nível de infestação e as espécies daninhas. Foram coletadas informações quanto ao manejo das plantas daninhas adotado nas lavouras, assim como sobre os herbicidas empregados. As espécies de plantas daninhas mais importantes foram Cenchrus echinatus, Bidens pilosa, Euphorbia heterophylla, Raphanus sativus, Digitaria horizontalis, Commelina benghalensis, Amaranthus sp., Achyrocline satureioides, Sinapis arvensis, Sida sp., Glycine max, Avena strigosa, Eleusina indica e Sorghum halepense. Houve acentuado aumento na infestação da espécie C. echinatus nas lavouras, a qual passou a constituir-se na principal espécie infestante. R. sativus também se tornou importante e apresentou grande incremento de 1997 a 1999. Na semeadura convencional houve predomínio de alta infestação, evidenciando desempenho inferior desse sistema em relação aos demais no controle de plantas daninhas. O controle químico mais utilizado foi a mistura atrazine + óleo vegetal + 2,4-D, seguido por atrazine + óleo e atrazine isolado. De modo geral, não se efetuou o controle das plantas daninhas em 22% das lavouras, as quais apresentaram as maiores porcentagens de infestação. O nível de infestação em função do tipo de controle foi variável de acordo com o ano agrícola.
A weed infestation survey was performed in 20 second corn crop areas in 1997 and in 40 areas in 1998 and 1999 after soybean planting in the Médio Paranapanema Region, São Paulo. The survey was conducted in the counties of Assis, Campos Novos, Cândido Mota, Cruzália, Florínea, Maracaí, Palmital, Pedrinhas Paulista and Platina. When the corn reached the grain filling stage, the crop weeds were evaluated by zigzag walking through the areas starting from different points to represent the whole area. The crops were classified in three types, according to the system applied: no-tillage, conventional system with disc plowing, and second corn crop in the soybean straw only. Infestation level and occurring weed species were evaluated in each crop. The weed control systems adopted were also considered, according to the herbicides applied. The most important weed species occurring in the areas were: Cenchrus echinatus, Bidens pilosa, Euphorbia heterophylla, Raphanus sativus, Digitaria horizontalis, Commelina benghalensis, Amaranthus sp., Achyrocline satureioides, Sinapis arvensis, Sida sp., Glycine max, Avena strigosa, Eleusina indica and Sorghum halepense. The results showed a strong infestation increase of C. echinatus, which turned out to be the most important weed species in the area evaluated. R. sativus was also important and showed an expressive increase from 1997 to 1999. Weed infestations were higher in the conventional system areas, showing that this system is inferior to the others, concerning weed control. The chemical weed control most used was the mixture of (atrazine+oil) plus 2,4-D, followed by (atrazine+oil) and atrazine alone. No weed control was used in 22% of the crops, which were the most infested. The infestation level varied from year to year for the different weed control systems, depending on climate conditions.
Reference Key
duarte2007plantaplantas Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;A.P. Duarte;A.C. Silva;R. Deuber
Journal anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry
Year 2007
DOI
10.1590/S0100-83582007000200007
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582007000200007
Keywords
zea mays soil management

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