a theory about relating noofel to ayyār and fetyān’s group in leili and mjnoon

Abstract Ayyār that named with some other titles like Feta, Javanmard and Akhi is one of the most important and impressive motives of Iran’s history. Maybe the forming time of Ayyār goes back to Sassanid age or before this era. The word of Ayyār likes the other resembling its samples has two different meanings (good and bad). In awful, means thief, pitiless and…, in good meaning is a generous, kind and brave person who helps people in problems. Ayyāri as a social movement from preIslamic period to after this time have passed very different conditions and its rituals extended into many literary and unliterary materials and in literary materials have been considered in two processes (epic texts and mystical instructions called Fotowatname). Ayyāri customs and beliefs divided into parts of moral principles and abilities. Using these customs and beliefs, this paper has attempted to prove that Noofel in Leili va Mjnoon is an Ayyār. Leili va Mjnoon is a description of love between Qeis, son of Amer, and Leili but Arabic fanaticism made obstacles between them. At last Leili’s father made her marry to another person named ‘Ibn Salam’, and Qeis didn’t get married until his death. Before Ebn Salam’s marriage, Noofel endeavored to help Qeis by fighting against Leili’s father tribe but finally abandoning from this deed. In the end, Leili died and afterwards Majnoon died beside her grave. Many researchers studied Leili va Mjnoon though neither of them didn’t pay attention to Noofel's character and his deeds, so if students ask any question about it, we don’t have any suitable answer to prove that Noofel is an Ayyār. This necessity leads to prove this theory. In Leili va Mjnoon, Nezami introduced Noofel character with qualified Ayyāri adjectives: Kindness, being experienced and courageous, a wealthy person who didn’t steal. Noofel swore to help Mjnoon even this action ended to his death. In this process, Noofel didn’t have any expectation from Mjnoon. Swear wine (in Persian called “Shadnooshi”) as a symbol of brotherhood treaty and Ayyār’s storytelling ability and tradition of eating fellowships with together were the important Ayyār’s rituals that we found these signs in Noofel’s story. Ayyārān as a moral population always have a collective life and leader of them named “Ostad” that the others obey him, this condition obviously exist in Noofel’s story. In this story, Nizami signed to Ayyār’s black wear (called Shabravi Shirt) over and over. Of the other Ayyār’s abilities that found in Noofel’s story is Ayyār’s opportunism or cleverness. Noofel in the first battle against Leili’s father tribe disclosed this ability, when he understood that couldn’t fight with the other Leili’s tribe, pretended to peace and afterwards when he could become stronger fight again. The most important part of Noofel’s story when disclosed that he defeat Leili’s father tribe in war, Noofel could give Leili to Mjnoon obligatory but didn’t do this.