Field Displacement of Aflatoxigenic Strains Through Repeated Biological Control Applications.

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ID: 18949
2019
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Abstract
A popular pre-harvest strategy to mitigate aflatoxin contamination of corn involves field application of non-aflatoxigenic strains of . The basis of this biological control may involve multiple factors, but competitive displacement of aflatoxigenic strains by the biocontrol strains is a likely mechanism. Three biocontrol strains (NRRL 21882, 18543, and 30797) were applied annually, over a 4-year period, to the same 3.2-ha commercial corn field in the Mississippi Delta, where we monitored their post-release establishment, spread, and persistence. Within 2 months of the first biocontrol application, the percentage of soil-inhabiting aflatoxigenic strains in some plots was reduced from 48 to 9% of the population. The frequency of aflatoxigenic strains was also significantly reduced in the rest of field. After 4 years, neighboring plots that had never received a biocontrol treatment, and distanced from our treatment plots by at least 20 meters, had less than 20% aflatoxigenic isolates. This significant halo effect might be attributed to movement of soil through tillage operations, but the aflatoxigenicity shift could be detected in the untreated plots within 2 months of the initial applications, at a time when there was no tillage. The populations that colonized the grain were also monitored and found to be less than 15% toxigenic in the fourth year for all treatments. Over all treatments and years, less than 2 ppb of aflatoxin was detected, which could be a consequence of the field-wide shift of the inherent population to predominately non-aflatoxigenic strains. This study supports the efficacy of using non-aflatoxigenic strains as pre-harvest biocontrol, and shows that most of its effectiveness occurs with the first application.
Reference Key
weaver2019fieldfrontiers Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Weaver, Mark A;Abbas, Hamed K;
Journal Frontiers in microbiology
Year 2019
DOI
10.3389/fmicb.2019.01788
URL
Keywords Keywords not found

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