extremely intense (sml ≤–2500 nt) substorms: isolated events that are externally triggered?

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ID: 188452
2015
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Abstract
We examine particularly intense substorms (SML ≤–2500 nT), hereafter called "supersubstorms" or SSS events, to identify their nature and their magnetic storm dependences. It is found that these intense substorms are typically isolated events and are only loosely related to magnetic storms. SSS events can occur during super (Dst ≤–250 nT) and intense (−100 nT ≥ Dst >–250) magnetic storms. SSS events can also occur during nonstorm (Dst ≥–50 nT) intervals. SSSs are important because the strongest ionospheric currents will flow during these events, potentially causing power outages on Earth. Several SSS examples are shown. SSS events appear to be externally triggered by small regions of very high density (~30 to 50 cm−3) solar wind plasma parcels (PPs) impinging upon the magnetosphere. Precursor southward interplanetary magnetic fields are detected prior to the PPs hitting the magnetosphere. Our hypothesis is that these southward fields input energy into the magnetosphere/magnetotail and the PPs trigger the release of the stored energy.
Reference Key
tsurutani2015annalesextremely Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;B. T. Tsurutani;R. Hajra;E. Echer;J. W. Gjerloev;J. W. Gjerloev
Journal journal of food measurement and characterization
Year 2015
DOI
10.5194/angeo-33-519-2015
URL
https://www.ann-geophys.net/33/519/2015/angeo-33-519-2015.pdf
Keywords
cosmic physics sciencephysicsgeophysics

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