blowing snow sublimation and transport over antarctica from 11 years of calipso observations
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2017
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Abstract
Blowing snow processes commonly occur over the earth's ice sheets
when the 10 m wind speed exceeds a threshold value. These processes play a
key role in the sublimation and redistribution of snow thereby influencing
the surface mass balance. Prior field studies and modeling results have shown
the importance of blowing snow sublimation and transport on the surface mass
budget and hydrological cycle of high-latitude regions. For the first time,
we present continent-wide estimates of blowing snow sublimation and transport
over Antarctica for the period 2006–2016 based on direct observation of
blowing snow events. We use an improved version of the blowing snow detection
algorithm developed for previous work that uses atmospheric backscatter
measurements obtained from the CALIOP (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal
Polarization) lidar aboard the CALIPSO (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared
Pathfinder Satellite Observation) satellite. The blowing snow events
identified by CALIPSO and meteorological fields from MERRA-2 are used to
compute the blowing snow sublimation and transport rates. Our results show
that maximum sublimation occurs along and slightly inland of the coastline.
This is contrary to the observed maximum blowing snow frequency which occurs
over the interior. The associated temperature and moisture reanalysis fields
likely contribute to the spatial distribution of the maximum sublimation
values. However, the spatial pattern of the sublimation rate over Antarctica
is consistent with modeling studies and precipitation estimates. Overall, our
results show that the 2006–2016 Antarctica average integrated blowing snow
sublimation is about 393 ± 196 Gt yr−1, which is considerably
larger than previous model-derived estimates. We find maximum blowing snow
transport amount of 5 Mt km−1 yr−1 over parts of East
Antarctica and estimate that the average snow transport from continent to
ocean is about 3.7 Gt yr−1. These continent-wide estimates are the
first of their kind and can be used to help model and constrain the
surface mass budget over Antarctica.
| Reference Key |
palm2017theblowing
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|---|---|
| Authors | ;S. P. Palm;V. Kayetha;Y. Yang;R. Pauly |
| Journal | journal of applied polymer science |
| Year | 2017 |
| DOI |
10.5194/tc-11-2555-2017
|
| URL | |
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