aplicação do modelo de crenças em saúde na prevenção dos acidentes com agulha application of the health belief model to the prevention of occupational needlestick injuries
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ID: 183460
2001
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Abstract
OBJETIVO: Para prevenir a aquisição de infecções sangüíneas (Aids, hepatites B e C) por profissionais de saúde, recomenda-se não reencapar agulhas. Entretanto, esses profissionais não adotam essa recomendação com freqüência. O objetivo do estudo foi aplicar o modelo de crenças em saúde (MCS) para explicar este problema, relacionando o comportamento individual às crenças de suscetibilidade, severidade, benefícios e barreiras, e aos estímulos recebidos para adotar a recomendação. MÉTODOS: Por meio de questionário respondido por profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital, foram identificados: a freqüência com que reencaparam agulhas (mês anterior) e as crenças do MCS. Para mensurar as crenças, foram construídas escalas tipo Likert, submetidas à validação de conteúdo (juízes) e de constructo (análise fatorial exploratória) e à análise da confiabilidade (coeficientes alfa de Cronbach e de correlação de duas metades). A relação entre crenças e adesão à recomendação de não reencapar agulhas foi obtida pela análise de regressão. RESULTADOS: Da amostra de profissionais de enfermagem obtida por adesão (n=319), cerca de 75% relataram reencapar agulhas pelo menos alguma vez. Os profissionais de enfermagem que aderiram mais freqüentemente à recomendação de não reencapar agulhas tinham menos de dois anos de experiência profissional, percebiam menor número de barreiras e maior número de benefícios para adotar a recomendação. Esses resultados possibilitaram discutir a reformulação do treinamento oferecido pela instituição hospitalar.
OBJECTIVE: To prevent health care professionals from acquiring blood-borne diseases (AIDS, hepatitis B and C), it is recommended that needles should not be recapped. However, these professionals frequently do not comply with this recommendation. The main purpose of this study was to assess this problem by using the Health Belief Model (HBM) to correlate the compliance with the recommendation of not recapping needles with: (1) these professionals' perceptions regarding one's susceptibility and severity to blood-borne infections; (2) their perceptions regarding the benefits and barriers to comply with this recommendation; and (3) the cues received to comply with this recommendation. METHODS: Nursing staff at a hospital were asked: (1) how frequently they have recapped needles in the previous month; and (2) their HBM beliefs. To quantify and measure these beliefs, Likert scales were created and went through a validation regarding their content (referees) and construct (exploratory factorial analysis) and their reliability analysis (correlation of two halves and Cronbach's alpha coefficients). The relationship of beliefs and compliance with the recommendation of not recapping needles was obtained through regression analysis. RESULTS: A nursing staff sample was obtained through voluntary cooperation (n=319). In this group, 75% admitted recapping needles at least once. Nursing professionals who most frequently follow the recommendation of not recapping needles have less than two years of professional experience and they are the group who perceive less barriers and more benefits to follow the recommendation. These results initiated a discussion on restructuring the professional training provided by the hospital.
OBJECTIVE: To prevent health care professionals from acquiring blood-borne diseases (AIDS, hepatitis B and C), it is recommended that needles should not be recapped. However, these professionals frequently do not comply with this recommendation. The main purpose of this study was to assess this problem by using the Health Belief Model (HBM) to correlate the compliance with the recommendation of not recapping needles with: (1) these professionals' perceptions regarding one's susceptibility and severity to blood-borne infections; (2) their perceptions regarding the benefits and barriers to comply with this recommendation; and (3) the cues received to comply with this recommendation. METHODS: Nursing staff at a hospital were asked: (1) how frequently they have recapped needles in the previous month; and (2) their HBM beliefs. To quantify and measure these beliefs, Likert scales were created and went through a validation regarding their content (referees) and construct (exploratory factorial analysis) and their reliability analysis (correlation of two halves and Cronbach's alpha coefficients). The relationship of beliefs and compliance with the recommendation of not recapping needles was obtained through regression analysis. RESULTS: A nursing staff sample was obtained through voluntary cooperation (n=319). In this group, 75% admitted recapping needles at least once. Nursing professionals who most frequently follow the recommendation of not recapping needles have less than two years of professional experience and they are the group who perceive less barriers and more benefits to follow the recommendation. These results initiated a discussion on restructuring the professional training provided by the hospital.
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brevidelli2001revistaaplicao
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| Authors | ;Maria Meimei Brevidelli;Tamara Iwanow Cianciarullo |
| Journal | proceedings - 2016 3rd international conference on information technology, computer, and electrical engineering, icitacee 2016 |
| Year | 2001 |
| DOI |
10.1590/S0034-89102001000200014
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