the modelled liquid water balance of the greenland ice sheet
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2017
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Abstract
Recent studies indicate that the surface mass balance will
dominate the Greenland Ice Sheet's (GrIS) contribution to 21st century sea
level rise. Consequently, it is crucial to understand the liquid water
balance (LWB) of the ice sheet and its response to increasing surface melt.
We therefore analyse a firn simulation conducted with the SNOWPACK model for the GrIS
and over the period 1960–2014 with a special focus on the LWB and
refreezing. Evaluations of the simulated refreezing climate with GRACE and
firn temperature observations indicate a good model–observation agreement.
Results of the LWB analysis reveal a spatially uniform increase in surface
melt (0.16 m w.e. a−1) during 1990–2014. As a response, refreezing
and run-off also indicate positive changes during this period
(0.05 and 0.11 m w.e. a−1, respectively), where
refreezing increases at only half the rate of run-off, implying that the
majority of the additional liquid input runs off the ice sheet. This pattern
of refreeze and run-off is spatially variable. For instance, in the
south-eastern part of the GrIS, most of the additional liquid input is
buffered in the firn layer due to relatively high snowfall rates. Modelled
increase in refreezing leads to a decrease in firn air content and to a
substantial increase in near-surface firn temperature. On the western side of
the ice sheet, modelled firn temperature increases are highest in the lower
accumulation zone and are primarily caused by the exceptional melt season of
2012. On the eastern side, simulated firn temperature increases are more
gradual and are associated with the migration of firn aquifers to
higher elevations.
| Reference Key |
steger2017thethe
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|---|---|
| Authors | ;C. R. Steger;C. H. Reijmer;M. R. van den Broeke |
| Journal | journal of applied polymer science |
| Year | 2017 |
| DOI |
10.5194/tc-11-2507-2017
|
| URL | |
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