Características fisicoquímicas del aceite del endospermo de la Palma Yagua (Attalea cryptanther)

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ID: 18005
2006
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Abstract

In this research, the physicochemical characteristics of the yagua palm (Attalea cryptanther) endospermus oil were evaluated. Seeds of mature fruits from Santa Ana hill, Canoabo, Bejuma municipality, Carabobo state-Venezuela, harvested in November 2003, were decorticated and the endospermus was transformed to meal by means of grinding. The oil from meal was extracted with n-hexane using Soxhlet equipment. Yagua endospermus crude oil showed the following characteristics: iodine index 13.77 cg I2/g; refraction index 1.4441 at 60 ºC; saponification value 233 mg KOH/g; peroxide value 0.20 meq O2/kg; unsaponifiable matter 0.97 %; AOM stability 31 h; solid fat content 54 % at 10 ºC and 10 % at 20 ºC; Lovibond color: R 3.2 and Y 1.3. The major fatty acids were lauric acid (58 %) and miristic acid (16.5 %).Yagua endospermus is an alternative oleaginous



El objetivo de esta investigación fue caracterizar físicoquímicamente el aceite de la palma Yagua (Attalea cryptanther). El endospermo de frutos maduros procedentes del cerro Santa Ana, Canoabo, municipio Bejuma, estado Carabobo Venezuela, pertenecientes a la cosecha Noviembre 2003, fueron transformados en harina mediante molienda. Una vez obtenida la harina se procedió a la extracción del aceite mediante un equipo Soxhlet utilizando como solvente n-Hexano. El aceite crudo extraído fue caracterizado mediante normas COVENIN y AOCS. Se determinaron valores de índice de yodo de 13,77 cg I2/g, índice de refracción 1,4441 a 60 °C, índice de saponificación 233mg KOH/g, índice de peroxido 0,20 meq O2/Kg, materia insaponificable 0,97%, estabilidad AOM (31 horas), contenido de grasa sólida (54% a 10 °C y 10% a 20 °C), color (R: 3,2- A: 1,3-A: 0). Los ácidos grasos mayoritarios encontrados fueron el ácido laurico (58%) y el ácido miristico (16,5%). El endospermo evaluado es una alternativa como materia prima para la obtención de aceite ya que presenta características similares al aceite de coco y palmiste.

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Authors Oscar, Linares,;Carlos, Medina-Martínez,;R., Belén-Camacho, Douglas;José, Moreno-Álvarez, Mario;Juan, González,;M, García-Pantaleón, David;
Journal grasas y aceites
Year 2006
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