lead concentration and allocation in vegetable crops grown in a soil contaminated by battery residues teores e alocação de chumbo em hortaliças cultivadas em solo contaminado por resíduos de baterias

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ID: 179365
2009
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Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a very stable metal in soil and is highly toxic to humans and animals. Exposure to Pb occurs via inhalation of particles from industry and soil, as well as household dust, water, and contaminated food. A greenhouse experiment was carried out to evaluate Pb contents and allocation in vegetable crops grown in a soil contaminated by battery recycling wastes. Eight plant species were studied: tomato, sweet pepper, beet, carrot, cabbage, green collards, eggplant, and okra. The experiment was set up in blocks at random with four replicates. The results showed that carrot, green collards, beet, and okra were the most Pb tolerant species, while the others were very Pb-sensitive, since they did not complete their cycle. The decreasing order for Pb accumulation in the vegetables crops was: carrot > okra > tomato > eggplant > sweet pepper > green collards > cabbage > beet. Taking into account the Pb allocation in plants, the order was: root > stems > leaves > edible parts. Although carrot translocated the lowest Pb amount into the edible part, such level exceeded the legal limit.
O chumbo (Pb) é um elemento extremamente estável no solo e altamente tóxico para seres humanos e animais. A contaminação com chumbo geralmente ocorre pela exposição decorrente da inalação de partículas oriundas de indústrias ou do solo, ou ainda, pela ingestão de poeira doméstica, água e alimentos de origem animal e vegetal contaminados. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar os teores e a alocação de Pb em hortaliças cultivadas em solo contaminado com resíduos de reciclagem de baterias. O experimento foi conduzido em casa-de-vegetação com delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos corresponderam a oito hortaliças: tomate, pimentão, beterraba, cenoura, repolho, couve manteiga, berinjela e quiabo. Os resultados mostraram que as espécies mais tolerantes ao Pb foram cenoura, couve-manteiga, beterraba e quiabo. As demais hortaliças foram consideradas muito sensíveis aos teores de Pb no solo, não completando inclusive seu ciclo biológico. A ordem decrescente de teores de Pb nas espécies foi: cenoura > quiabo > tomate > berinjela > pimentão > couve-manteiga > repolho > beterraba. A alocação do Pb na planta, seguiu a ordem geral: raiz > caule > folha > parte comestível. Embora a cenoura tenha transferido baixo teor de Pb para a parte comestível, o valor encontrado foi superior ao limite de tolerância máximo estabelecido na legislação.
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Authors Francisco de S Lima, Clístenes WA do Nascimento, Fernando BV da Silva, Vinícius GB de Carvalho, Mateus R Ribeiro Filho
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Journal research on biomedical engineering
Year 2009
DOI
10.1590/S0102-05362009000300019
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-05362009000300019
Keywords
soil contamination soil pollution

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