deglutição após tratamento não cirúrgico (radioterápico/ radioquimioterápico) do câncer de laringe swallowing after non-surgical treatment (radiation therapy / radiochemotherapy protocol) of laryngeal cancer
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2011
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Abstract
O tratamento radioterápico/ radioquimioterápico para tumores de laringe pode ocasionar sequelas na deglutição. OBJETIVO: Avaliar características da deglutição de pacientes tratados por radioterapia/ radioquimioterapia para tumores de laringe. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Estudo prospectivo com 20 indivíduos, idade média de 62 anos, após término do tratamento oncológico. Destes, 6 (30%) foram tratados por radioterapia exclusiva e 14 (70%) por radioquimioterapia. O tempo médio decorrido do tratamento médico ao momento da avaliação fonoaudiológica foi de 8,5 meses. Foi realizada avaliação videofluoroscópica da deglutição orofaríngea e analisados eventos das fases preparatória, oral e faríngea da deglutição. RESULTADOS: Todos os pacientes se alimentavam com via oral exclusiva. Apenas 25% da amostra apresentavam deglutição dentro dos limites da normalidade. A videofluoroscopia da deglutição identificou os seguintes eventos alterados: formação do bolo (85%), ejeção do bolo (60%), estases na cavidade oral (55%), alteração no início da fase faríngea (100%), redução da elevação da laringe (65%) e estase em hipofaringe (80%). A penetração laríngea foi diagnosticada em 25% dos casos e 40% penetrações seguidas de aspirações traqueais. O grau de penetração/ aspiração foi considerado discreto em 60%, porém em 35% da amostra a aspiração foi silenciosa. Embora 75% da amostra apresentassem algum grau de disfagia, apenas 25% dos pacientes referiam queixa de deglutição. CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes com câncer de laringe tratados com radioterapia/ radioquimioterapia podem apresentar alterações em todas as fases da deglutição, mesmo na ausência de sintomas.
Radiation therapy and radiochemotherapy protocols can cause swallowing difficulties. AIM: To evaluate swallowing in patients undergoing radiation therapy and radiochemotherapy protocol only for the treatment of laryngeal tumors. METHODS: A prospective study of 20 patients, with a mean age of 62 years, at the end of oncological therapy. Six patients (30%) underwent radiation therapy, and 14 patients (70%) underwent combined therapy. The mean time between treatment and an evaluation of swallowing was 8.5 months. Videofluoroscopy was done to assess the preparatory, oral and pharyngeal phases of swallowing. RESULTS: All patients had only an oral diet. Normal swallowing was present in only 25% of patients. The swallowing videofluoroscopic examination identified the following changes: bolus formation (85%), bolus ejection (60%), oral cavity stasis (55%), changes in the onset of the pharyngeal phase (100%), decreased laryngeal elevation (65%), and hypopharyngeal stasis (80%). Laryngeal penetration was observed in 25% of the cases; 40% presented tracheal aspiration. The grade of penetration/aspiration was mild in 60% of cases. Aspiration was silent in 35% of patients. Although 75% of patients had dysphagia, only 25% complained of swallowing difficulties. CONCLUSION: Patients with laryngeal cancer that underwent radiation therapy/combined treatment can present changes in all swallowing phases, or may be asymptomatic.
Radiation therapy and radiochemotherapy protocols can cause swallowing difficulties. AIM: To evaluate swallowing in patients undergoing radiation therapy and radiochemotherapy protocol only for the treatment of laryngeal tumors. METHODS: A prospective study of 20 patients, with a mean age of 62 years, at the end of oncological therapy. Six patients (30%) underwent radiation therapy, and 14 patients (70%) underwent combined therapy. The mean time between treatment and an evaluation of swallowing was 8.5 months. Videofluoroscopy was done to assess the preparatory, oral and pharyngeal phases of swallowing. RESULTS: All patients had only an oral diet. Normal swallowing was present in only 25% of patients. The swallowing videofluoroscopic examination identified the following changes: bolus formation (85%), bolus ejection (60%), oral cavity stasis (55%), changes in the onset of the pharyngeal phase (100%), decreased laryngeal elevation (65%), and hypopharyngeal stasis (80%). Laryngeal penetration was observed in 25% of the cases; 40% presented tracheal aspiration. The grade of penetration/aspiration was mild in 60% of cases. Aspiration was silent in 35% of patients. Although 75% of patients had dysphagia, only 25% complained of swallowing difficulties. CONCLUSION: Patients with laryngeal cancer that underwent radiation therapy/combined treatment can present changes in all swallowing phases, or may be asymptomatic.
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portas2011braziliandeglutio
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| Authors | ;Juliana Portas;Claudia Pereira Socci;Eliana Perissato Scian;Débora dos Santos Queija;Alessandra Sampaio Ferreira;Rogério Aparecido Dedivitis;Ana Paula Brandão Barros |
| Journal | cardiovascular diabetology |
| Year | 2011 |
| DOI |
10.1590/S1808-86942011000100016
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