observations of high droplet number concentrations in southern ocean boundary layer clouds
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ID: 176969
2016
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Abstract
Cloud physics data collected during the NSF/NCAR High-performance
Instrumented Airborne Platform for Environmental Research (HIAPER)
Pole-to-Pole Observations (HIPPO) campaigns provide a snapshot of unusual
wintertime microphysical conditions in the boundary layer over the Southern
Ocean. On 29 June 2011, the HIAPER sampled the boundary layer in a region of
pre-frontal warm air advection between 58 and 48° S to
the south of Tasmania. Cloud droplet number concentrations were consistent
with climatological values in the northernmost profiles but were
exceptionally high for wintertime in the Southern Ocean at
100–200 cm−3 in the southernmost profiles. Sub-micron
(0.06 < D < 1 µm) aerosol concentrations for the southern
profiles were up to 400 cm−3.
Analysis of back trajectories and atmospheric chemistry observations revealed that while conditions in the troposphere were more typical of a clean remote ocean airmass, there was some evidence of continental or anthropogenic influence. However, the hypothesis of long-range transport of continental aerosol fails to explain the magnitude of the aerosol and cloud droplet concentration in the boundary layer. Instead, the gale force surface winds in this case (wind speed at 167 m above sea level was > 25 m s−1) were most likely responsible for production of sea spray aerosol which influenced the microphysical properties of the boundary layer clouds. The smaller size and higher number concentration of cloud droplets is inferred to increase the albedo of these clouds, and these conditions occur regularly, and are expected to increase in frequency, over windy parts of the Southern Ocean.
Analysis of back trajectories and atmospheric chemistry observations revealed that while conditions in the troposphere were more typical of a clean remote ocean airmass, there was some evidence of continental or anthropogenic influence. However, the hypothesis of long-range transport of continental aerosol fails to explain the magnitude of the aerosol and cloud droplet concentration in the boundary layer. Instead, the gale force surface winds in this case (wind speed at 167 m above sea level was > 25 m s−1) were most likely responsible for production of sea spray aerosol which influenced the microphysical properties of the boundary layer clouds. The smaller size and higher number concentration of cloud droplets is inferred to increase the albedo of these clouds, and these conditions occur regularly, and are expected to increase in frequency, over windy parts of the Southern Ocean.
| Reference Key |
chubb2016atmosphericobservations
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|---|---|
| Authors | ;T. Chubb;Y. Huang;Y. Huang;J. Jensen;T. Campos;S. Siems;S. Siems;M. Manton |
| Journal | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry |
| Year | 2016 |
| DOI |
10.5194/acp-16-971-2016
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| URL | |
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