impacto de herbicidas em isolados de trichoderma spp. impact of herbicides on strains of trichoderma spp.

Clicks: 327
ID: 174978
2013
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Abstract
O uso de microrganismos é uma alternativa para o controle de doenças em plantas. Todavia, é prudente verificar a interação desse com os demais métodos de controle empregados em determinada cultura. Dessa forma, objetivou-se avaliar a fungitoxicidade dos herbicidas sobre o crescimento e desenvolvimento dos isolados de Trichoderma spp. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 6 x 6 x 4, com quatro repetições. O fator A correspondeu aos herbicidas pendimethalin, clomazone, carfentrazone-ethyl, oxadiazon, thiobencarb + propanil e byspiribac-sodium; o fator B, às doses dos herbicidas - 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 e 200% da dose recomendada; e o fator C, aos isolados de Trichoderma spp. AJAM 18, CE 66, TRI 01 e TRI 02. O ensaio foi realizado em condições in vitro; avaliaram-se o crescimento micelial radial (CMR) e a esporulação dos isolados após aplicação dos herbicidas. Observaram-se diferenças de sensibilidade dos isolados para o mesmo produto testado. O oxadiazon reduziu o CMR dos isolados AJAM 18 e TRI 01 em 66 e 35%, respectivamente. No entanto, reduziu apenas 16% do CMR do isolado TRI 02 e não alterou o CMR do isolado CE 66 mesmo em 200% da dose recomendada. Verificaram-se diferentes efeitos dos produtos em cada isolado. A mistura comercial de thiobencarb+propanil foi altamente tóxica aos isolados de Trichoderma spp., com reduções em torno de 85% no CMR e no número de esporos. Por outro lado, o byspiribac-sodium pouco afetou os isolados, apresentando reduções inferiores a 10% no CMR e na esporulação. O carfentrazone-ethyl e byspiribac-sodium demonstraram ser compatíveis com os isolados de Trichoderma spp. estudados.
The use of microorganisms is an alternative for the control of plant diseases. However, one should verify its interaction with other methods of control used for a particular crop. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of herbicide fungitoxicity on the growth and development of Trichoderma spp. strains. A completely randomized design was used in a factorial scheme 6 x 6 x 4, with four replications. Factor A consisted of the herbicides pendimethalin, clomazone, carfentrazone-ethyl, oxadiazon, thiobencarb + propanyl and byspiribac-sodium; factor B consisted of the herbicides doses 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 200% of the recommended dose; and factor C consisted of the Trichoderma spp. strains AJAM 18, CE 66, TRI 01, and TRI 02. The assay was conducted under in vitro conditions, with radial mycelial growth (RMG) and strain sporulation being evaluated after application of the herbicides. A difference was observed in the sensitivity of the strains for the same product tested. Oxadiazon reduced the RMG of the isolates AJAM 18 and TRI 01 in 66% and 35%, respectively. However, it reduced only 16% of the RMG of the isolate TRI 02, and it did not affect the RMG of the isolate CE 66, even when at 200% of the recommended dose. Different effects of the products were verified on each isolate. The commercial mixture thiobencarb+propanyl was highly toxic to the isolates with reduction of the RMG and in the number of spores around 85%. On the other hand, byspiribac-sodium had a little effect on the strains with less than 10% reduction in the RMG and sporulation. Carfentrazone-ethyl and byspiribac-sodium were found to be compatible with the isolates of Trichoderma spp. evaluated.
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Authors ;M.R. Reis;E.U. Leão;G.R. Santos;R.B.C. Sarmento-Brum;C.G. Gonçalves;C.H. Cardon;D.B. Silva
Journal anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry
Year 2013
DOI
DOI not found
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582013000200020
Keywords
biological control antagonist antagonista

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