género, violencia y riesgo en el tránsito: la dominación masculina en los discursos de automovilistas de la ciudad de buenos aires* gender, violence and risk in the road traffic: male domination in the discourses of car drivers in buenos aires city

Clicks: 232
ID: 173114
2011
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Abstract
Presentamos resultados parciales de dos estudios multicéntricos sobre aspectos socioculturales y demográficos de los accidentes de tránsito en Argentina, conducidos entre 2004 y 2008 con el apoyo del Ministerio de Salud de la Nación. Nos centramos en las vinculaciones entre dimensiones de género y habitus de conducción que emergieron de 92 entrevistas en profundidad a automovilistas particulares de ambos sexos en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. El análisis cualitativo fue de tipo interpretativo y aplicó procedimientos de la teoría fundamentada (Grounded Theory). Utilizando la comparación constante, identificamos el fenómeno de la dominación masculina en los habitus y doxa (Bourdieu) de diferentes categorías de conductores en el campo social del tránsito. Las críticas hacia los estilos femeninos de conducción y la discriminación contra las mujeres se encontraron en los discursos dominantes de varones jóvenes y también en discursos femeninos, sugiriendo la eficacia de la dominación (masculina) simbólica. Conductoras jóvenes y adultas valoran positivamente el "pragmatismo masculino" en el manejo. Mientras las mujeres maduras naturalizan una supuesta superioridad masculina en la conducción, las jóvenes adoptan el pragmatismo en sus prácticas de manejo como mecanismo de inclusión legítima en ese campo. Pero tal pragmatismo implica prácticas reñidas con el respeto a las reglas y a los otros en el tránsito y se podría predecir que las condiciones de riesgo se incrementarán, a menos que se implementen políticas destinadas a fomentar un estilo de manejo responsable, aludido en un discurso sub-dominante de mujeres maduras que nos remite al concepto de ética del cuidado (Gilligan).
We present partial results from two Multicentric Studies on sociocultural and demographic aspects of traffic accidents in Argentina, conducted between 2004 and 2008 with financial support from the Ministry of Health. This paper focuses on the relationships between gender dimensions and driving habitus that emerged from 92 in-depth interviews applied to an intentional sample of male and female non-professional car drivers in the Buenos Aires City. Qualitative analysis was performed following the interpretive paradigm. Grounded Theory procedures were applied and constant comparison was used for the discovery and construction of categories. We were able to identify the presence of the male domination phenomenon in the habitus and doxa (Bourdieu) of different categories of car drivers. Criticisms of feminine driving styles and discriminatory attitudes against female drivers were found in the dominant discourses of young males and of females of all ages. Different interviewed women value the male pragmatism in driving; while mature women consider it as a "natural" masculine attribute, young women adopt it in their own driving practices as a mean to avoid gender stigmatization. However, such a pragmatism is opposed to traffic legal rules and due respect towards other people in the public space and, as long as young women take masculine driving style as their model, the risk of traffic injuries would surely increase. Policies aimed at improving road safety should emphasize the kind of positive values of responsible driving that we discovered in the sub-dominant (feminine, mature) discourses that reminded us Gilligan's concept of the ethics of care.
Reference Key
geldstein2011physisgnero, Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Rosa N. Geldstein;Pablo Francisco Di Leo;Silvina Ramos Margarido
Journal applied catalysis b: environmental
Year 2011
DOI
10.1590/S0103-73312011000200019
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-73312011000200019
Keywords
traffic accidents

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