speciation of organic aerosols in the saharan air layer and in the free troposphere westerlies
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2017
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Abstract
We focused this research on the composition of the organic aerosols
transported in the two main airflows of the subtropical North Atlantic free
troposphere: (i) the Saharan Air Layer – the warm, dry and dusty airstream
that expands from North Africa to the Americas at subtropical and tropical
latitudes – and (ii) the westerlies, which flow from North America over
the North Atlantic at mid- and subtropical latitudes. We determined the
inorganic compounds (secondary inorganic species and elemental composition),
elemental carbon and the organic fraction (bulk organic carbon and organic
speciation) present in the aerosol collected at Izaña Observatory,
∼ 2400 m a.s.l. on the island of Tenerife. The concentrations of all
inorganic and almost all organic compounds were higher in the Saharan Air
Layer than in the westerlies, with bulk organic matter concentrations within
the range 0.02–4.0 µg m−3. In the Saharan Air Layer, the
total aerosol population was by far dominated by dust (93 % of bulk mass),
which was mixed with secondary inorganic pollutants ( < 5 %) and organic
matter ( ∼ 1.5 %). The chemical speciation of the organic aerosols
(levoglucosan, dicarboxylic acids, saccharides, n-alkanes, hopanes,
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and those formed after oxidation of
α-pinene and isoprene, determined by gas chromatography coupled with
mass spectrometry) accounted for 15 % of the bulk organic matter
(determined by the thermo-optical transmission technique); the most abundant
organic compounds were saccharides (associated with surface soils), secondary
organic aerosols linked to oxidation of biogenic isoprene (SOA ISO) and
dicarboxylic acids (linked to several primary sources and SOA). When the
Saharan Air Layer shifted southward, Izaña was within the westerlies stream
and organic matter accounted for ∼ 28 % of the bulk mass of aerosols.
In the westerlies, the organic aerosol species determined accounted for
64 % of the bulk organic matter, with SOA ISO and dicarboxylic acids being
the most abundant; the highest concentration of organic matter
(3.6 µg m−3) and of some organic species (e.g. levoglucosan
and some dicarboxylic acids) were associated with biomass burning linked to a
fire in North America. In the Saharan Air Layer, the correlation found
between SOA ISO and nitrate suggests a large-scale impact of enhancement of
the formation rate of secondary organic aerosols due to interaction with
anthropogenic NOx emissions.
| Reference Key |
garca2017atmosphericspeciation
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|---|---|
| Authors | ;M. I. García;M. I. García;B. L. van Drooge;S. Rodríguez;A. Alastuey |
| Journal | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry |
| Year | 2017 |
| DOI |
10.5194/acp-17-8939-2017
|
| URL | |
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