n availability and mechanisms of n conservation in deciduous and semideciduous tropical forest legume trees disponibilidade de n e mecanismos de conservação de n em leguminosas arbóreas decíduas e semidecíduas de floresta tropical

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ID: 169795
2006
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Abstract
Prior to abscission, nutrients are redeployed from leaves and redistributed to other parts of the plant. Data comparing nutrient resorption to soil fertility and leaf life span remains controversial in the literature. We compared nitrogen (N) conservation mechanisms among four legume trees with different leaf life spans (Hymenaea courbaril L. var. stilbocarpa (Hayne) Lee et Lang., Lonchocarpus guilleminianus (Tul.) Malme, Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong and Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub.), from a semideciduous tropical forest, remnant of the Atlantic Forest. We hypothesized that these mechanisms differ among the four species and are affected by their leaf life span and by the availability of N, both as a mineral in the soil and, in the case of L. guilleminianus and E. contortisiliquum, from symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF), as these species form associations with rhizobia. The plants were grown in a greenhouse using pots filled with forest soil, enriched (50 or 100 mg of NH4NO3 plant-1week-1) or not with nitrogen. H. courbaril, a semideciduous tree, without SNF, and with the highest leaf life span, presented the greatest N-resorption efficiency (NRE), N-resorption proficiency (NRP) and N-use efficiency (NUE). Increase in soil N and the presence of symbiotic N fixation led to a decrease in NRE, NRP and NUE.
Antes da abscisão, os nutrientes são removidos das folhas e redistribuídos para outras partes da planta. Quando se relaciona o reaproveitamento de nutrientes à fertilidade do solo, ou à longevidade foliar, os dados da literatura são controversos. Foram comparados mecanismos de conservação de nitrogênio (N) em quatro leguminosas arbóreas (Hymenaea courbaril L. var. stilbocarpa (Hayne) Lee et Lang., Lonchocarpus guilleminianus (Tul.) Malme, Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong e Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub.), com longevidades foliares diferentes, de uma Floresta Semidecídua, remanescente da mata Atlântica. O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar se esses mecanismos são diferentes nas quatro espécies e se são afetados pela longevidade foliar e disponibilidade de N, tanto mineral, como proveniente de fixação simbiótica, no caso de L. guilleminianus e E. contortisiliquum, que apresentam associação com rizóbios. As plantas foram cultivadas em vasos contendo solo da mata, enriquecido (50 ou 100 mg de NH4NO3 planta-1semana-1) ou não com N mineral. H. courbaril, uma semidecídua que não fixa N e possui a maior longevidade foliar dentre as espécies analisadas, apresentou a maior eficiência de reaproveitamento de N (ERN), proficiência de reaproveitamento de N (PRN) e eficiência de utilização de N (EUN). O acréscimo de N no solo e a presença de fixação simbiótica de N levaram a decréscimos em ERN, PRN e EUN.
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Authors ;Ana Lúcia da Silva Lima;Fábio Zanella;Marlene Aparecida Schiavianto;Claudia Regina Baptista Haddad
Journal monatshefte für chemie chemical monthly
Year 2006
DOI
10.1590/S0102-33062006000300012
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062006000300012
Keywords
nitrogen fixation

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