gravidez de substituição surrogate pregnancy
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ID: 168146
2010
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Abstract
A tecnologia e a ciência médica aplicada tem criado as condições para tornar possível que casais inférteis, antes condenados a não ter filhos pelos meios biológicos usuais, hoje alcancem este objetivo. Os formidáveis progressos científicos com a reprodução medicamente assistida, num primeiro momento, permitiram superar a infertilidade causada por ovulação insuficiente ou um número pequeno de espermatozóides com a fertilização in vitro. Num segundo momento, depois de gerado o embrião, implanta-lo no útero materno e, finalmente, conseguir a sua implantação em outro útero que não o da dona do embrião gerado em laboratório. Neste estágio - a gravidez de substituição - tem gerado inúmeros questionamentos de ordem ética e religiosa e jurídica. Se de um lado a lei já tem uma visão relativamente pacificada - dentro da ótica da estrutura familiar vigente - e os fóruns éticos já tenham definido deontologicamente os passos deste processo, o campo religioso continua postando-se de maneira contrária e com uma abertura muito estreita para discussões sobre o tema. No maior país católico do mundo, no entanto, muitos casais - mesmo sabendo estar contrariando normas explicitadas por documentos eclesiásticos - têm buscado, cada vez mais, este recurso que a ciência lhes põe a disposição.
Applied medical science and technology have now created the conditions where it is possible for infertile couples, who would previously have been condemned not to have children by the usual biological means, to achieve this objective. First, stunning scientific advances in medically assisted reproduction have made it possible to overcome infertility arising from insufficient ovulation or low sperm-count by way of in vitro fertilization. Secondly, the embryo thus produced can now be implanted in another woman´s uterus. This surrogate pregnancy has given rise to a number of ethical, religious and legal questions. On the one hand, the law has a relatively benign view of this practice-so long as it remains within the context of the conventional family structure. Likewise ethics has already marked out the stages in this process. Religious leaders, however, remain deeply opposed and unwilling to enter into dialogue on the issue. Although Brazil is the largest Catholic country in the world, increasing numbers of couples in this country are taking advantage of this new scientific resource, even though they are aware that it conflicts with official religious doctrine. Bioethical debate of this issue has only recently begun and needs to bear in mind the extent to which reproductive technology involves new groups who are not covered by the classical definition of the nuclear family.
Applied medical science and technology have now created the conditions where it is possible for infertile couples, who would previously have been condemned not to have children by the usual biological means, to achieve this objective. First, stunning scientific advances in medically assisted reproduction have made it possible to overcome infertility arising from insufficient ovulation or low sperm-count by way of in vitro fertilization. Secondly, the embryo thus produced can now be implanted in another woman´s uterus. This surrogate pregnancy has given rise to a number of ethical, religious and legal questions. On the one hand, the law has a relatively benign view of this practice-so long as it remains within the context of the conventional family structure. Likewise ethics has already marked out the stages in this process. Religious leaders, however, remain deeply opposed and unwilling to enter into dialogue on the issue. Although Brazil is the largest Catholic country in the world, increasing numbers of couples in this country are taking advantage of this new scientific resource, even though they are aware that it conflicts with official religious doctrine. Bioethical debate of this issue has only recently begun and needs to bear in mind the extent to which reproductive technology involves new groups who are not covered by the classical definition of the nuclear family.
| Reference Key |
santos2010revistagravidez
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|---|---|
| Authors | ;Otávio Marambaia dos Santos |
| Journal | sociology |
| Year | 2010 |
| DOI |
10.1590/S1519-38292010000600014
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| URL | |
| Keywords | Keywords not found |
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