etiología de la diarrea con sangre en menores de 5 años etiology of diarrhea with blood in children under 5
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2004
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Abstract
La diarrea aguda constituye la primera causa de mortalidad en niños menores de 5 años en países en vías de desarrollo y es una de las principales causas de malnutrición. La diarrea con sangre representa aproximadamente el 10 % de la diarrea aguda. En el período de un año, se hospitalizaron 960 niños menores de 5 años por diarrea aguda, y 120 (12,5 %) se diagnosticaron con diarrea aguda con sangre. Estos 120 pacientes fueron seleccionados y se realizó un estudio descriptivo clínico-epidemiológico, se hizo énfasis en variables tales como: edad, sexo, carácter de la diarrea, síntomas al inicio, duración de la diarrea (relacionado con la posible etiología obtenida posteriormente), evaluación nutricional según Tablas Nacionales de Peso y Talla al ingreso, así como complicaciones presentadas. Se constató que el 56,6 % fue menor de 1 año y el 68,3 % fue del sexo masculino. Los síntomas acompañantes más frecuentes fueron fiebre y vómitos. El 5 % ya presentaba malnutrición al ingreso. El 9,1 % evolucionó a la forma persistente. La Salmonella sp fue el enteropatógeno más frecuentemente detectado en el grupo de menores de 1 año. La Shigella predominó en los niños mayores de 1 año, también fue predominante, en ambos grupos etáreos, en los niños que desarrollaron la diarrea persistente.
Acute diarrhea is the first cause of mortality in children under 5 in developing countries and it is one of the main causes of malnutrition. Diarrhea with blood represents approximately10 % of acute diarrhea. In a year, 960 children under 5 were admitted due to acute diarrhea and 120 (12,5 %) were diagnosed acute diarrhea with blood. These 120 patients were selected and a descriptive, clinical and epidemiological study was conducted, making emphasis on the following variables: age, sex, character of the diarrhea, symptoms at the onset, duration of the diarrhea (related to the possible etiology obtained later), nutritional evaluation according to the National Tables of Weight/Height on admission, and complications. It was proved that 56.6 % were under one year old and 68.3 % were males. The most frequent concomitant symptoms were fever and vomits. 5 % already presented malnutrition on admission. 9.1 % evolved to the persistent form. Salmonella sp was the most commonly detected enteropathogen in the group aged under one . Shigella prevailed in children over one. It was also predominant in both age groups in those children that developed persistent diarrhea.
Acute diarrhea is the first cause of mortality in children under 5 in developing countries and it is one of the main causes of malnutrition. Diarrhea with blood represents approximately10 % of acute diarrhea. In a year, 960 children under 5 were admitted due to acute diarrhea and 120 (12,5 %) were diagnosed acute diarrhea with blood. These 120 patients were selected and a descriptive, clinical and epidemiological study was conducted, making emphasis on the following variables: age, sex, character of the diarrhea, symptoms at the onset, duration of the diarrhea (related to the possible etiology obtained later), nutritional evaluation according to the National Tables of Weight/Height on admission, and complications. It was proved that 56.6 % were under one year old and 68.3 % were males. The most frequent concomitant symptoms were fever and vomits. 5 % already presented malnutrition on admission. 9.1 % evolved to the persistent form. Salmonella sp was the most commonly detected enteropathogen in the group aged under one . Shigella prevailed in children over one. It was also predominant in both age groups in those children that developed persistent diarrhea.
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| Authors | ;Mercedes Fernández García;Celia Fernández Rodríguez;Gilda Martínez Furé;Elvira Pérez Ramos;Celia Cuza Arribas;Josefina Acosta López |
| Journal | studies in the history of gardens and designed landscapes |
| Year | 2004 |
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