variação morfológica e reprodutiva de aechmea lindenii (e. morren) baker var. lindenii (bromeliaceae) morphological and reproductive variation of aechmea lindenii (e. morren) baker var. lindenii (bromeliaceae)

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ID: 164238
2006
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Abstract
Buscou-se determinar o efeito da intensidade luminosa sobre as características morfológicas e reprodutivas de A.lindenii, em ambientes de restinga herbácea (alta luminosidade) e sub-bosque de restinga arbórea (baixa luminosidade), em Florianópolis, SC, onde os resultados indicam que a luminosidade pode influenciar no seu fenótipo, produção de néctar, fenologia e sucesso reprodutivo. As plantas esciófitas são maiores e apresentam um período de floração em torno de 120 dias, enquanto que as heliófitas são menores e florescem ao longo de todo o ano. A espécie apresenta atributos florais à ornitofilia, estando o volume (16,7 µL ± 4) e concentração (27,25%) do néctar produzido pelas flores dentro do esperado para espécies polinizadas por beija-flores. A freqüente visitação de Amazilia fimbriata, Thalurania glaucopis e Thalurania sp. (Trochilidae) confirma esta observação, porém abelhas e borboletas também foram consideradas potenciais polinizadores, sugerindo co-evolução de síndromes florais secundárias. Baseando-se nos resultados dos testes de polinizações manuais e no desenvolvimento dos tubos polínicos, pode-se concluir que a espécie não apresenta auto-incompatibilidade, formando frutos com sementes férteis, com germinação superior a 80%, oriundas tanto de fecundação cruzada quanto da autopolinização. A população heliófita apresentou elevadas taxas de partenocarpia (52, 95%) e mostrou ser um método seguro e eficaz de se avaliar a fertilização das flores, podendo-se assim, relacionar a sua freqüência e abundância à ausência ou ineficiência dos visitantes florais. Os frutos e sementes foram dispersos por pássaros das famílias Thraupidae e Pipridae e predados por lagartas da borboleta Tecla sp. (Lycaenidae).
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the luminosity on morphological and reproductive characteristics of A. lindenii, in environments of "restinga herbácea" (high luminosity) and on an understory of a "restinga arbórea" (low luminosity), in Florianópolis, SC, where the results indicate that the luminosity can influence the bromeliad's phenotype, nectar production, phenology and reproductive success. The shade tolerant plants are bigger and present a flowering period of around 120 days, while the heliophytic plants are smaller and blossom throughout all year. The species presents ornithophilous floral attributes, being the volume (16,7 µL ± 4) and concentration (27,25%) of the nectar produced by the flowers characteristic of a hummingbird pollinated flower. The frequent visitation of Amazilia fimbriata, Thalurania glaucopis and Thalurania sp. (Trochilidae) confirms this suggestion; however bees and butterflies can also be considered potential pollinators, suggesting co-evolution of secondary floral syndromes. Based on the results of manual pollination tests and on the development of the polinic tubes, can be concluded that the species does not present self-incompatibility, forming fruits with fertile seeds, with a germination rate higher than 80%, both in cross-pollination as well as in selfing tests. The heliophytic population presented a high rate of parthenocarpy (52, 95%) and showed to be a safe and efficient method to evaluate the fertilization of the flowers, being possible to relate the frequency and abundance of parthenocarpy to the absence or inefficiency of the pollinators. The fruits and seeds were dispersed by birds of the families Thraupidae and Pipridae and predated by larva of the butterfly Tecla sp. (Lycaenidae).
Reference Key
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Authors Maurício Lenzi, Josy Zarur de Matos, Afonso Inácio Orth
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Journal monatshefte für chemie chemical monthly
Year 2006
DOI
10.1590/S0102-33062006000200024
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062006000200024
Keywords
parthenocarpybotany

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