la elaboración de una memoria nacional: la comisión de verdad y reconciliación de sudáfrica
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Abstract
A Comissão de Verdade e Reconciliação do Sul da África (Truth and Reconciliation Commission -TRC-) criou um registro da violência cometida entre 1960-1994 durante o Apartheid. Seguindo os exemplos latino-americanos pretendia oferecer uma memória coletiva sobre o passado. A explicação resultante prioriza as experiências individuais de dano infringido (aberrantes violações aos direitos humanos). Ainda que a elucidação sobre os prejuízos particulares seja importante, eles não estão situados de maneira adequada dentro dos efeitos sistemáticos e estruturais nocivos da Apartheid. Os padrões específicos sobre idade e gênero nos testemunhos à comissão dão conta de uma explicação do passado que subestima os efeitos da Apartheid sobre as mulheres, sobretudo as mais jovens, ao mesmo tempo em que subestima o rol que elas tiveram na resistência a Apartheid. A ênfase da comissão sobre a violência obstaculiza uma compreensão dos processos sociais usuais sobre os quais as pessoas constroem sua vida cotidiana. A "memória coletiva" é insuficiente na tarefa de assegurar a democracia.
South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission created a record of violence committed between 1960 and 1994 of the Apartheid era. Drawing from Latin American examples, it claimed to offer a collective memory of the past. The resultant account priorities individual experiences of harm (gross violations of human rights). While the account of specific harm is important, it is not adequately situated within an assessment of Apartheid's systematic and structurally damaging effects. Age and gender specific patterns of testimony before the Commission give rise to an account of the past that undervalues the effects of Apartheid on women, particularly the young and underestimates the role they played in resistance to Apartheid. The Commission's emphasis on violation precludes an understanding of everyday social processes through which people make everyday life. "Collective memory" is insufficient to the task of ensuring democracy.
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ross2006cuadernosla
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| Authors | ;Fiona Ross;María Eugenia Mendizábal;Ana Guglielmucci |
| Journal | جامعه شناسی کاربردی |
| Year | 2006 |
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