experiencias de la instauración de normas relativas al contenido de plomo en aire y el agua, en los estados unidos de américa establishing lead in air and water standards in the united states of america
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2003
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Abstract
En los Estados Unidos de América se ha logrado una disminución de la exposición a plomo de la población en general, gracias al establecimiento de diversas normas. En este artículo se destaca parte de los conocimientos adquiridos a través de la experiencia obtenida en este país en materia de plomo, en particular respecto al aire y al agua. Uno de los aspectos fundamentales es la posibilidad de contar con una base científica sólidamente establecida y claramente entendida, a partir de la cual se tomarán las medidas correspondientes. Los efectos secundarios de ciertas normas concernientes al aire ponen de manifiesto de qué manera los esfuerzos orientados a solucionar un problema pueden aportar beneficios en otras áreas, si bien pueden surgir consecuencias no deseadas, debido a la falta de previsión y de evaluación. Asimismo, en este documento se discuten las diferencias entre los enfoques centralizados y los descentralizados para el manejo de la exposición a plomo.
Lead regulations and standards have resulted in a lower exposure to lead in the general population of the United States of America. This paper highlights some of the know-how developed through lead-containing experiences, particularly regarding lead content in air and water. The availability of a solid and clear scientific knowledge is central to the success of these policies. Collateral effects of some air-related standards show the extent to which problem-oriented efforts may be beneficial in other areas, inasmuch as they may have untoward consequences if careful planning and evaluation are not considered. Finally, this paper presents a discussion of the differences between centralized and decentralized approaches to lead exposure control.
Lead regulations and standards have resulted in a lower exposure to lead in the general population of the United States of America. This paper highlights some of the know-how developed through lead-containing experiences, particularly regarding lead content in air and water. The availability of a solid and clear scientific knowledge is central to the success of these policies. Collateral effects of some air-related standards show the extent to which problem-oriented efforts may be beneficial in other areas, inasmuch as they may have untoward consequences if careful planning and evaluation are not considered. Finally, this paper presents a discussion of the differences between centralized and decentralized approaches to lead exposure control.
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| Authors | ;J Michael Davis;Lester D Grant |
| Journal | journal of anatomy |
| Year | 2003 |
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