utilização de alfentanil, sufentanil e fentanil em cães anestesiados com halotano use of alfentanil, sufentanil and fentanyl in dogs anesthetized with halothane
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ID: 158094
1999
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Résumé
Os analgésicos opióides promovem analgesia intensa, possibilitando o emprego de concentrações reduzidas dos anestésicos inalatórios, minimizando assim a depressão cardiovascular que ocorre durante a anestesia. Vários opióides podem ser empregados na anestesia, sendo que dentre os mais potentes, o fentanil, sufentanil e alfentanil são os mais freqüentemente administrados no transoperatório. No presente estudo, comparou-se a ação no sistema cardiovascular desses três agentes durante a anestesia inalatória em cães, submetidos a procedimentos ortopédicos, bem como, avaliou-se a possibilidade de se manter a anestesia com baixas concentrações de halotano. Foram usados três grupos, de dez animais cada, que receberam, após estabilização da anestesia, doses equipotentes de um dos três agentes analgésicos - grupo I - 5µg/kg de fentanil IV, grupo II - 1µg/kg de sufentanil IV e grupo III - 25µg/kg de alfentanil IV. Os parâmetros cardiovasculares e respiratórios foram avaliados em diferentes tempos de observação. Os resultados obtidos foram analisados através de análise estatística (ANOVA seguida de Dunnett e Bonferroni). Os três agentes promoveram bradicardia importante durante o decorrer do estudo, sendo que apenas o alfentanil promoveu hipotensão significativa após sua administração. Apenas um animal tratado com fentanil apresentou aumento da pressão arterial e freqüência cardíaca durante a anestesia Na recuperação da anestesia, um número maior de animais tratados com alfentanil apresentou sinais de excitação. Através dos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que a administração de analgésicos opióides possibilita de fato o emprego de menores concentrações de halotano, promovendo anestesia estável com a manutenção da pressão arterial dentro dos valores normais para a espécie. Dos agentes empregados, o alfentanil é o que promove efeitos cardiovasculares mais pronunciados.
Opioid analgesics promote intense analgesia allowing reduction of the concentration of the inhalation anesthetics what minimizes the cardiovascular depression that occurs during anesthesia. Many opioid agents are used during anesthesia. Fentanil, alfentanil and sufentanil are among the most potent agents being preferentially used transoperatively. In the present study, the cardiovascular action of this three agents were compared during inhalation anesthesia in dogs submitted to orthopedic procedures, as well as the possibility of maintenance of anesthesia with halothane in low concentrations. Three groups of ten animals were employed in the experiment. After anesthesia stabilization, animals of group I received intravenously (IV) 5µg/kg of fentanil, animals of group II 1µg/kg of sufentanil IV and animals of group III 25µg/kg of alfentanil IV. Cardiovascular and respiratory parameters were evaluated in various time points. Data were statistically analyzed by means of analyses of variance for repeated measures followed by the Dunnett and Bonferoni post tests.All three agents caused bradicardia during the observation period but only alfentanil promoted significant hypotension. Only one animal that received fentanil showed increase of blood pressure and heart rate simultaneously during anesthesia. At recovery more animals treated with alfentanil showed signs of excitation. With the results obtained the authors could conclude that the use of opioids during anesthesia yield the use of low concentrations of halothane, what contributes with blood pressure maintenance. Among the agents utilized alfentanil promotes more pronounced cardiovascular effects.
Opioid analgesics promote intense analgesia allowing reduction of the concentration of the inhalation anesthetics what minimizes the cardiovascular depression that occurs during anesthesia. Many opioid agents are used during anesthesia. Fentanil, alfentanil and sufentanil are among the most potent agents being preferentially used transoperatively. In the present study, the cardiovascular action of this three agents were compared during inhalation anesthesia in dogs submitted to orthopedic procedures, as well as the possibility of maintenance of anesthesia with halothane in low concentrations. Three groups of ten animals were employed in the experiment. After anesthesia stabilization, animals of group I received intravenously (IV) 5µg/kg of fentanil, animals of group II 1µg/kg of sufentanil IV and animals of group III 25µg/kg of alfentanil IV. Cardiovascular and respiratory parameters were evaluated in various time points. Data were statistically analyzed by means of analyses of variance for repeated measures followed by the Dunnett and Bonferoni post tests.All three agents caused bradicardia during the observation period but only alfentanil promoted significant hypotension. Only one animal that received fentanil showed increase of blood pressure and heart rate simultaneously during anesthesia. At recovery more animals treated with alfentanil showed signs of excitation. With the results obtained the authors could conclude that the use of opioids during anesthesia yield the use of low concentrations of halothane, what contributes with blood pressure maintenance. Among the agents utilized alfentanil promotes more pronounced cardiovascular effects.
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| Auteurs | ;Denise Tabacchi Fantoni;Aline Magalhães Ambrosio;Fábio Futema;Elton Rodrigues Migliati;Eunice Yuriko Tamura |
| Revue | Trials |
| Année | 1999 |
| DOI |
10.1590/S0103-84781999000400019
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