danos causados pelo impacto de queda na qualidade pós-colheita de raízes de mandioquinha-salsa damages caused by drop impact on the postharvest quality of arracacha roots

Clicks: 286
ID: 150936
2005
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Abstract
Como as raízes de mandioquinha-salsa são frágeis e muito suscetíveis a ferimentos, avaliou-se os danos físicos que ocorrem nas raízes devido ao impacto de queda no manuseio pós-colheita e suas conseqüências na durabilidade do produto. As raízes foram soltas de duas alturas (45 e 90 cm) e três posições de queda: horizontal; vertical com "ombro" para baixo (=distal) e para cima (=proximal), simulando-se uma situação comum no beneficiamento e na comercialização. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento casualizado com três repetições de 40 raízes por parcela. Após a queda, as raízes foram examinadas individualmente, determinando-se os tipos de ferimentos (quebradas, rachaduras, rupturas, lesões superficiais) em relação àquelas aparentemente intactas. A altura de queda afetou diretamente a incidência de injúrias mais graves, como quebras e rupturas. Na queda de 90 cm, a posição de soltura proximal causou 40,7% de rachaduras, 19,2% de rupturas e 22,3% de lesões superficiais; na posição distal causou 45,8% de rupturas e 23,3% de quebra nas raízes. Em outro experimento, avaliou-se a respiração, perda de matéria fresca e a deterioração em raízes submetidas à injúria por impacto de queda (90 cm) e armazenadas a 5ºC e 24ºC, comparadas com testemunhas não injuriadas, em três repetições (1,5 kg raízes/parcela) distribuídas ao acaso. As raízes submetidas à injúria por queda apresentaram taxas respiratórias superiores em comparação com aquelas intactas quando mantidas na mesma temperatura, e a 24ºC variou de 15,3 ml CO2 kg-1 h-1 (intactas) a 34,4 ml CO2 kg-1 h-1 (injuriadas). As raízes injuriadas mantidas a 24ºC apresentaram 84% de deterioração após quatro dias, enquanto aquelas a 5ºC não apresentaram deterioração.
Arracacha roots are very fragile and susceptible to mechanical damage. The postharvest handling system may cause many lesions, mainly by impacts and drops. The effect of drop impact on arracacha roots was simulated in two drop heights (45 and 90 cm) and three release positions of the roots (horizontal, vertical distal and vertical proximal). The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, with three replicates (40 roots per and three release positions of the roots (horizontal, vertical distal and vertical proximal). The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, with three replicates (40 roots per parcel). After the drop, roots were examined individually and the resulting mechanical damage was categorized in four types of lesions (broken, fracture, rupture and abrasion) compared to those apparently undamaged. Drop height affected directly the incidence of more serious mechanical damage, such as broken roots and ruptures. The root position also affected the resulting mechanical damage: roots released from the proximal position at 90cm drop height had significantly higher fractures incidence (40.7%), ruptures (19.2%) and superficial lesions (22.3%) than other treatments. At the 90 cm drop height, roots released from the proximal position had 40.7% of fractures, 19.2% of ruptures and 22.3% of superficial lesions; roots released from the distal position caused 45.8% of ruptures and 23.3% of broken roots. The respiration rates and deterioration of arracacha roots submitted to mechanical damage (90 cm height fall impact) and storage (5ºC and 24ºC) during four days showed that at the same temperature, mechanically damaged roots had higher respiration rates when compared to sound roots, ranging from 15.3 ml CO2 kg-1 h-1 (unbruised) to 34.4 ml CO2 kg-1 h-1 (damaged) at 24ºC. Injured roots kept at 24ºC had 84% of deterioration after four days, while those kept at 5ºC were completely sound.
Reference Key
henz2005horticulturadanos Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Gilmar Paulo Henz;Roberto M. Souza;José Ricardo Peixoto;Lucimara Blumer
Journal research on biomedical engineering
Year 2005
DOI
10.1590/S0102-05362005000400004
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-05362005000400004
Keywords
respiration lesões deteriorationplant culture

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