notas sobre a ecologia e a preservação de nothochilus coccineus radlkofer (scrophulariaceae), espécie endêmica ao maciço do caparaó, es/mg notes on the ecology and conservation of nothochilus coccineus radlkofer {scrophulariaceae}, a species endemic to the caparaó massif, es/mg

Clicks: 231
ID: 150072
1999
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Abstract
O presente trabalho apresenta dados básicos sobre a ecologia e a distribuição de N. coccineus Radlk., a única espécie do gênero, endêmica nos campos de altitude do Maciço do Caparaó, sudeste do Brasil, no Parque Nacional do Caparaó. A estrutura espacial da população e os elementos relevantes da paisagem foram tratados no contexto das suas influências na dinâmica de população desta espécie rara e ameaçada. Observou-se que N. coccineus encontra-se restrita a populações disjuntas acima de 2.450m, nos picos mais altos do maçico. Nesses picos cresce N. coccineus somente nas encostas íngremes das faces sul e oeste, e em sítios com solos profundos e húmicos. A presença de bambus do gênero Chusquea pode ser necessária para a ocorrência de N. coccineus, pois as raízes de Chusquea foram muitas vezes encontradas parasitadas. Baseando-se em comparações estatísticas entre características de solo, altura de plantas, e crescimento desde 1994, pode-se concluir que as encostas de face sul parecem fornecer o habitat ótimo para N. coccineus. As distâncias entre as populações e o alcance um tanto limitado da dispersão de sementes podem favorecer o isolamento genético de algumas das populações mais remotas, contudo o pastejo do gado e a alta freqüência de incêndios antropogênicos nos campos de altitude do Caparaó constituem-se claramente nas maiores ameaças à sobrevivência da espécie e do gênero a curto prazo.
Basic data are presented regarding the ecology and distribution of Nothochilus coccineus Radlk., the only species of the genus, endemic to the "campos de altitude" of the Caparaó Massif, Southeastern Brazil, in the National Park of Caparaó. The spatial population structure and pertinent landscape elements are dealt with in the context of their probable influences on the population dynamics of this rare and threatened plant. N. coccineus was found to be restricted to disjunct populations occurring above 2,450m on the highest peaks in the massif; on these peaks, N. coccineus grows only on steep south and west slopes, in deep humic soils. The presence of bamboos of the genus Chusquea may also be a necessary precondition for the occurrence of N. coccineus, as Chusquea roots were frequently found parasitized. South-facing slopes appear to provide an optimum habitat for N. coccineus, based on statistical comparisons of soil characteristics, plant height, and plant growth made since 1994. The distances between populations, and the somewhat limited range of seed dispersal may result in the genetic isolation of some of the outlying populations of N. coccineus, but with regard to the short-term survival of the species and genus, grazing and the frequent occurrence of anthropogenic fire in the "campos de altitude" of Caparaó clearly constitute the greatest threats.
Reference Key
safford1999actanotas Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Hugh DeForest Safford
Journal monatshefte für chemie chemical monthly
Year 1999
DOI
10.1590/S0102-33061999000200007
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33061999000200007
Keywords
Rare species livestock grazing

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