essential oil from berries of lebanese juniperus excelsa m. bieb displays similar antibacterial activity to chlorhexidine but higher cytocompatibility with human oral primary cells

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2015
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Abstract
Chlorhexidine (CHX), one of the most effective drugs administered for periodontal treatment, presents collateral effects including toxicity when used for prolonged periods; here, we have evaluated the bactericidal potency and the cytocompatibility of Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb essential oil (EO) in comparison with 0.05% CHX. The EO was extracted from berries by hydrodistillation and components identified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Bacterial inhibition halo analysis, quantitative cell viability 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulphophenyl)-5-[(phenyl amino) carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide assay (XTT), and colony forming unit (CFU) count were evaluated against the two biofilm formers Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Streptococcus mutans. Finally, cytocompatibility was assessed with human primary gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and mucosal keratinocytes (HK). The resulting EO was mainly composed of monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenes. An inhibition halo test demonstrated that both bacteria were sensitive to the EO; XTT analysis and CFU counts confirmed that 10-fold-diluted EO determined a statistically significant (p < 0.05) reduction in bacteria count and viability towards both biofilm and planktonic forms in a comparable manner to those obtained with CHX. Moreover, EO displayed higher cytocompatibility than CHX (p < 0.05). In conclusion, EO exhibited bactericidal activity similar to CHX, but a superior cytocompatibility, making it a promising antiseptic alternative to CHX.
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azzimonti2015moleculesessential Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Barbara Azzimonti;Andrea Cochis;Marc El Beyrouthy;Marcello Iriti;Francesca Uberti;Rita Sorrentino;Manuela Miriam Landini;Lia Rimondini;Elena Maria Varoni
Journal Journal of ethnopharmacology
Year 2015
DOI
10.3390/molecules20059344
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