melhoramento do trigo: xix. avaliação de novas linhagens em diferentes regiões paulistas wheat breeding: xix. evaluation of new inbred lines in different regions of the state of sao paulo, brazil

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ID: 137241
1988
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Abstract
Compararam-se entre si vinte e três linhagens e dois cultivares de trigo quanto à produção de grãos, componentes de produção e resistência às doenças, através de ensaios instalados em diferentes localidades paulistas. Em casa de vegetação, efetuaram-se estudos de resistência às raças dos agentes causais das ferrugens-do-colmo e da-folha e, em condições de laboratório, estudos da tolerância ao alumínio em soluções nutritivas. Considerando a média dos nove experimentos, as linhagens 12, 15 e 18 e o cultivar BH-1146 destacaram-se quanto à produção de grãos, diferindo do 'Alondra-S-46'. Em relação à ferrugem-do-colmo (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici), 'Alondra-S-46' foi resistente às seis raças testadas em estádio de plântula em casa de vegetação, e as linhagens 9 e 11 foram resistentes a cinco e a quatro raças respectivamente Em condições de campo, o 'Alondra-S-46' e as linhagens 2, 3, 6, 10, 11 e 16 apresentaram-se como as mais resistentes à ferrugem-do-colmo. As linhagens 2 (IAC-172) e 20 e o 'BH-1146' mostraram-se com menores graus de infecção do agente causal da ferrugem-da-folha (P. recondita), em condições de infecção natural, em estádio de planta adulta. As linhagens 3 (IAC-231), 8, 9, 20, 21 e 22 e o 'Alondra-S-46' exibiram plantas de porte semi-anão significativamente mais baixas que o 'BH-1146'. A linhagem 20 mostrou ser uma fonte genética das características: espigas compridas e maior número de grãos por espiga e por espigueta. As linhagens 1, 3, 4, 12, 17, 18 e 19 e o 'BH-1146' foram tolerantes à presença de 10mg/litro de Al3+ na solução nutritiva.
Twenty three inbred lines obtained at the Instituto Agronômico from the wheat breeding program plus the cultivars BH-1146 and Alondra-S-46 were evaluated in field experiments carried out at Campinas, Capão Bonito and Tatuí Experimental Stations, and at two farms located in Paranapanema Valley, during the period 1984-86. Grain yield, plant height, number of days from emergence to flowering and from emergence to maturation, percentage of lodged plants, head length, number of grains per spike and spikelet, number of spikelets per spike, weight of 100 grains, and resistance to stem and leaf rust were evaluated under field conditions; tests of resistance to stem and leaf rusts and to aluminum were also made, respectively, in greenhouse and in laboratory. The lines 12, 15 and 18 and the cultivars BH-1146 presented good productivity considering the mean of the nine experiments, showing significant differences from the cultivars Alondra-S-46. In relation to stem rust, Alondra-S-46' presented at seedling stage, resistance to the six races and the lines 9 and 11 showed resistance to five and four races, respectively. The lines 2, 3, 6, 10, 11 and 16 and 'Alondra-S-46' under field conditions were the most resistant to stem rust. The lines 2 (IAC-172) and 20 and the cultivars BH-1146 presented low levels of the leaf rust in natural infection out in the field. The lines 3 (IAC-231), 8, 9, 20,21 and 22 and the cultivars Alondra-S-46 showed semi-dwarf type when compared to the tall cultivars BH-1146. The line 20 was considered as a genetic source to increase the head length and the number of grains per spike and per spikelet. The lines 1, 3, 4, 12, 17, 18 and 19 and the 'BH-1146' were tolerant to the presence of 10 mg/liter of Al3+ in the nutrient solution.
Reference Key
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Authors ;Carlos Eduardo de Oliveira Camargo;João Carlos Felício;Antonio Wilson Penteado Ferreira Filho;José Guilherme de Freitas;Benedito de Camargo Barros;Jairo Lopes de Castro;Armando Pettinelli Junior;Laércio Soares Rocha Junior
Journal revista espanola de salud publica
Year 1988
DOI
10.1590/S0006-87051988000200005
URL
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87051988000200005
Keywords
grain yield wheat tolerance plant height triticum aestivum l cultivars aluminum toxicity aluminum toxicityagriculture (general)

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