incidência de colletotrichum graminicola em colmos de genótipos de milho incidence of colletotrichum graminicola in stalk from maize genotypes
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2010
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Abstract
A podridão do colmo, causada por Colletotrichum graminicola, é uma das mais severas doenças da cultura do milho no Brasil, principalmente se ocorrer após a fase de florescimento, por causar perdas significativas na produtividade. A melhor alternativa para o controle da doença é a utilização de cultivares geneticamente resistentes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a incidência da podridão de colmo em híbridos comerciais de milho, tendo em vista a pouca disponibilidade de informações que permitam a utilização da resistência genética como estratégia para o controle desta doença. Foram avaliados 18 híbridos comerciais de milho, em três ensaios conduzidos nos anos de 2005, 2006 e 2007 na área experimental da Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, sob condições de inóculo natural. Em cada parcela foram coletados fragmentos do colmo de três plantas, sendo: o segundo entrenó acima do solo, o entrenó de inserção da espiga e o entrenó localizado abaixo do pendão. Quatro fragmentos de cada parte foram desinfestados e transferidos para placas de Petri contendo meio de farinha de aveia - ágar (FAA). As placas foram mantidas em câmara de incubação sob luz fluorescente contínua à temperatura de 25 ºC, seguindo-se a identificação e quantificação do patógeno após três a quatro dias de incubação. As menores incidências (abaixo de 30%) foram observadas nos híbridos BR201 e BR206 e a maior incidência (acima de 60%) detectada no híbrido BRS1010. O patógeno foi detectado em todos os segmentos do colmo analisados, predominando, entretanto, no terço médio superior para a maioria dos híbridos avaliados. Apesar da variação observada entre os genótipos quanto à incidência da antracnose no colmo, nenhum híbrido pôde ser considerado como de altamente resistente ao patógeno.
Stalk rot (Colletotrichum graminicola) is one of the most serious disease affecting maize crop in Brazil, especially after the flowering phase, when yield losses can reach significant levels. The use of genetically resistant cultivars is the most efficient strategy to control the disease. The aim of this work was to evaluate the incidence of stalk rot in maize commercial hybrids sinde there is scarce information to allow the use of genetic resistance as a strategy to control this disease. Eighteen maize commercial hybrids were evaluated in 2005, 2006, and 2007 in the experimental area of EMBRAPA Maize and Sorghum Research Center Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, under conditions of natural infection. From each plot, three stalk segments of three plants were sampled: the second internode above the soil line, the internode of ear insertion, and the internode right bellow the tassel. Four tissue fragments of each stalk segment were surface sterilized and transferred to oatmeal agar plates, which were incubated under continuous fluorescent light at 25ºC. Pathogen identification and quantification were performed after three to four days of incubation. The hybrids BR201 and BR206 showed the lowest infection level (below 30%) whereas the highest incidence (above 60%) was observed for the hybrid BRS1010. The pathogen was observed in all analyzed stalk segments, but was most frequently isolated from the internode right below the tassel. No evaluated hybrid could be considered to have high resistance to the pathogen.
Stalk rot (Colletotrichum graminicola) is one of the most serious disease affecting maize crop in Brazil, especially after the flowering phase, when yield losses can reach significant levels. The use of genetically resistant cultivars is the most efficient strategy to control the disease. The aim of this work was to evaluate the incidence of stalk rot in maize commercial hybrids sinde there is scarce information to allow the use of genetic resistance as a strategy to control this disease. Eighteen maize commercial hybrids were evaluated in 2005, 2006, and 2007 in the experimental area of EMBRAPA Maize and Sorghum Research Center Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, under conditions of natural infection. From each plot, three stalk segments of three plants were sampled: the second internode above the soil line, the internode of ear insertion, and the internode right bellow the tassel. Four tissue fragments of each stalk segment were surface sterilized and transferred to oatmeal agar plates, which were incubated under continuous fluorescent light at 25ºC. Pathogen identification and quantification were performed after three to four days of incubation. The hybrids BR201 and BR206 showed the lowest infection level (below 30%) whereas the highest incidence (above 60%) was observed for the hybrid BRS1010. The pathogen was observed in all analyzed stalk segments, but was most frequently isolated from the internode right below the tassel. No evaluated hybrid could be considered to have high resistance to the pathogen.
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| Reference Key |
costa2010summaincidncia
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| Authors | ;Rodrigo Véras da Costa;Dagma Dionísia da Silva;Luciano Viana Cota;Douglas Ferreira Parreira;Alexandre da Silva Ferreira;Carlos Roberto Casela |
| Journal | research on chemical intermediates |
| Year | 2010 |
| DOI |
10.1590/S0100-54052010000200003
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