phenalen-1-one-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy: antimicrobial efficacy in a periodontal biofilm model and flow cytometric evaluation of cytoplasmic membrane damage
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2018
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Abstract
In light of increasing resistance toward conventional antibiotics and antiseptics, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) may be a valuable alternative, especially for use in dentistry. In this regard, photosensitizers (PS) based on a phenalen-1-one structure seem to be especially favorable due to their high singlet oxygen quantum yield. However, the actual target structures of phenalen-1-one-mediated aPDT are still unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antimicrobial efficacy of aPDT mediated by phenalen-1-one derivatives SAPYR and SAGUA for inactivation of a polymicrobial biofilm consisting of three putative periodontal pathogens in vitro and to get first insights in the mechanism of action of phenalen-1-one-mediated aPDT by assessing damage of cytoplasmic membranes. aPDT with SAPYR exhibited identical antimicrobial efficacy as compared to chlorhexidine (CHX) [4.4–6.1 log10 reduction of colony forming units (CFUs) depending on bacterial species] while aPDT with SAGUA was less effective (2.0–2.8 log10). Flow cytometric analysis combined with propidium iodide (PI) staining revealed no damage of cytoplasmic membranes after aPDT with both phenalen-1-one derivatives, which was confirmed by spectroscopic measurements for release of nucleic acids after treatment. Spectrophotometric PS-uptake measurements showed no uptake of SAPYR by bacterial cells. Despite the inability to pinpoint the actual target of phenalen-1-one-mediated aPDT, this study shows the high antimicrobial potential of phenalen-1-on mediated aPDT (especially when using SAPYR) and represents a first step for getting insights in the mechanism and damage patterns of aPDT with this class of PS.
| Reference Key |
cieplik2018frontiersphenalen-1-one-mediated
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| Authors | ;Fabian Cieplik;Viktoria-Sophia Steinwachs;Denise Muehler;Karl-Anton Hiller;Thomas Thurnheer;Georgios N. Belibasakis;Wolfgang Buchalla;Tim Maisch |
| Journal | journal of magnetic resonance (san diego, calif : 1997) |
| Year | 2018 |
| DOI |
10.3389/fmicb.2018.00688
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