assessing the ecological relevance of organic discharge limits for constructed wetlands by means of a model-based analysis

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2018
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Abstract
Polder watercourses within agricultural areas are affected by high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD5) concentrations, due to intensive farming activities and runoff. Practical cases have shown that constructed wetlands (CWs) are eco-friendly and cost-effective treatment systems which can reduce high levels of organic and nutrient pollution from agricultural discharges. However, accumulated recalcitrant organic matter, originated by in-situ sources or elements of CWs (i.e., plants or microbial detritus), limits the fulfilment of current COD discharge threshold. Thus, to evaluate its relevance regarding rivers ecosystem health preservation, we analysed the response of bio-indicators, the Multimetric Macroinvertebrate Index Flanders (MMIF) and the occurrence of organic pollution sensitive taxa towards organic pollutants. For this purpose, statistical models were developed based on collected data in polder watercourses and CWs located in Flanders (Belgium). Results showed that, given the correlation between COD and BOD5, both parameters can be used to indicate the ecological and water quality conditions. However, the variability of the MMIF and the occurrence of sensitive species are explained better by BOD5, which captures a major part of their common effect. Whereas, recalcitrant COD and the interaction among other physico-chemical variables indicate a minor variability on the bio-indicators. Based on these outcomes we suggest a critical re-evaluation of current COD thresholds and moreover, consider other emerging technologies determining organic pollution levels, since this could support the feasibility of the implementation of CWs to tackle agricultural pollution.
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donoso2018waterassessing Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Natalia Donoso;Sacha Gobeyn;Gonzalo Villa-Cox;Pieter Boets;Erik Meers;Peter L. M. Goethals
Journal Journal of food biochemistry
Year 2018
DOI
10.3390/w10010063
URL
http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/10/1/63
Keywords
biological indicators environmental standard limitshydraulic engineeringwater supply for domestic and industrial purposes

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