Dynamic changes in short- and long-term bacterial composition following fecal microbiota transplantation for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection

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ID: 115875
2015
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Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective treatment for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) that often fails standard antibiotic therapy. Despite its widespread recent use, however, little is known about the stability of the fecal microbiota following FMT. Here we report on short- and long-term changes and provide kinetic visualization of fecal microbiota composition in patients with multiply recurrent CDI that were refractory to antibiotic therapy and treated using FMT. Fecal samples were collected from four patients before and up to 151 days after FMT, with daily collections until 28 days and weekly collections until 84 days post-FMT. The composition of fecal bacteria was characterized using high throughput 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, compared to microbiota across body sites in the Human Microbiome Project (HMP) database, and visualized in a movie-like, kinetic format. FMT resulted in rapid normalization of bacterial fecal sample composition from a markedly dysbiotic state to one representative of normal fecal microbiota. While the microbiome appeared most similar to the donor implant material 1 day post-FMT, the composition diverged variably at later time points. The donor microbiota composition also varied over time. However, both post-FMT and donor samples remained within the larger cloud of fecal microbiota characterized as healthy by the HMP. Dynamic behavior is an intrinsic property of normal fecal microbiota and should be accounted for in comparing microbial communities among normal individuals and those with disease states. This also suggests that more frequent sample analyses are needed in order to properly assess success of FMT procedures.
Reference Key
weingarden2015microbiomedynamic Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Alexa Weingarden;Antonio González;Yoshiki Vázquez-Baeza;Sophie Weiss;Gregory Humphry;Donna Berg-Lyons;Dan Knights;Tatsuya Unno;Aleh Bobr;Johnthomas Kang;Alexander Khoruts;Rob Knight;Michael J Sadowsky;Alexa Weingarden;Antonio González;Yoshiki Vázquez-Baeza;Sophie Weiss;Gregory Humphry;Donna Berg-Lyons;Dan Knights;Tatsuya Unno;Aleh Bobr;Johnthomas Kang;Alexander Khoruts;Rob Knight;Michael J Sadowsky;
Journal microbiome
Year 2015
DOI
doi:10.1186/s40168-015-0070-0
URL
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40168-015-0070-0
Keywords
Microbiology bioinformatics virology microbial ecology medical microbiology microbial genetics and genomics National Center for Biotechnology Information NCBI NLM MEDLINE pubmed abstract nih national institutes of health national library of medicine pmid:25825673 pmc4378022 doi:10.1186/s40168-015-0070-0 alexa weingarden antonio gonzález michael j sadowsky

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