The Sensitivity of a Dike-Marsh System to Sea-Level Rise—A Model-Based Exploration

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ID: 114632
2020
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Abstract
Integrating natural components in flood defence infrastructure can add resilience to sea-level rise. Natural foreshores can keep pace with sea-level rise by accumulating sediment and attenuate waves before reaching the adjacent flood defences. In this study we address how natural foreshores affect the future need for dike heightening. A simplified model of vertical marsh accretion was combined with a wave model and a probabilistic evaluation of dike failure by overtopping. The sensitivity of a marsh-dike system was evaluated in relation to a combination of processes: (1) sea-level rise, (2) changes in sediment concentration, (3) a retreat of the marsh edge, and (4) compaction of the marsh. Results indicate that foreshore processes considerably affect the need for dike heightening in the future. At a low sea-level rise rate, the marshes can accrete such that dike heightening is partially mitigated. But with sea-level rise accelerating, a threshold is reached where dike heightening needs to compensate for the loss of marshes, and for increasing water levels. The level of the threshold depends mostly on the delivery of sediment and degree of compaction on the marsh; with sufficient width of the marsh, lateral erosion only has a minor effect. The study shows how processes and practices that hamper or enhance marsh development today exacerbate or alleviate the challenge of flood protection posed by accelerated sea-level rise.
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marijnissen2020journalthe Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Richard Marijnissen;Matthijs Kok;Carolien Kroeze;Jantsje van Loon-Steensma;Marijnissen, Richard;Kok, Matthijs;Kroeze, Carolien;van Loon-Steensma, Jantsje;
Journal journal of marine science and engineering
Year 2020
DOI
10.3390/jmse8010042
URL
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/8/1/42
Keywords
climate adaptation flood protection salt marsh

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