Differences in Facial Expressions between Spontaneous and Posed Smiles: Automated Method by Action Units and Three-Dimensional Facial Landmarks

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ID: 113528
2020
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Abstract
Research on emotion recognition from facial expressions has found evidence of different muscle movements between genuine and posed smiles. To further confirm discrete movement intensities of each facial segment, we explored differences in facial expressions between spontaneous and posed smiles with three-dimensional facial landmarks. Advanced machine analysis was adopted to measure changes in the dynamics of 68 segmented facial regions. A total of 57 normal adults (19 men, 38 women) who displayed adequate posed and spontaneous facial expressions for happiness were included in the analyses. The results indicate that spontaneous smiles have higher intensities for upper face than lower face. On the other hand, posed smiles showed higher intensities in the lower part of the face. Furthermore, the 3D facial landmark technique revealed that the left eyebrow displayed stronger intensity during spontaneous smiles than the right eyebrow. These findings suggest a potential application of landmark based emotion recognition that spontaneous smiles can be distinguished from posed smiles via measuring relative intensities between the upper and lower face with a focus on left-sided asymmetry in the upper region.
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Authors Seho Park;Kunyoung Lee;Jae-A Lim;Hyunwoong Ko;Taehoon Kim;Jung-In Lee;Hakrim Kim;Seong-Jae Han;Jeong-Shim Kim;Soowon Park;Jun-Young Lee;Eui Chul Lee;Park, Seho;Lee, Kunyoung;Lim, Jae-A;Ko, Hyunwoong;Kim, Taehoon;Lee, Jung-In;Kim, Hakrim;Han, Seong-Jae;Kim, Jeong-Shim;Park, Soowon;Lee, Jun-Young;Lee, Eui Chul;
Journal sensors
Year 2020
DOI
10.3390/s20041199
URL
https://doi.org/10.3390/s20041199
Keywords
emotion facial recognition three-dimensional analysis facial asymmetry emotion facial recognition three-dimensional analysis facial asymmetry

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