Morphology of Thin Film Composite Membranes Explored by Small-Angle Neutron Scattering and Positron-Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy.

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ID: 101096
2020
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Abstract
The morphology of thin film composite (TFC) membranes used in reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) water treatment was explored with small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and positron-annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). The combination of both methods allowed the characterization of the bulk porous structure from a few Å to µm in radius. PALS shows pores of 4.5 Å average radius in a surface layer of about 4 m thickness, which become 40% smaller at the free surface of the membranes. This observation may correlate with the glass state of the involved polymer. Pores of similar size appear in SANS as closely packed pores of 6 Å radius distributed with an average distance of 30 Å. The main effort of SANS was the characterization of the morphology of the porous polysulfone support layer as well as the fibers of the nonwoven fabric layer. Contrast variation using the media HO/DO and supercritical CO and CD identified the polymers of the support layers as well as internal heterogeneities.
Reference Key
pipich2020morphologymembranes Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors Pipich, Vitaliy;Dickmann, Marcel;Frielinghaus, Henrich;Kasher, Roni;Hugenschmidt, Christoph;Petry, Winfried;Oren, Yoram;Schwahn, Dietmar;
Journal membranes
Year 2020
DOI
E48
URL
Keywords
detection of the order of Å to micrometer large pores in ro membranes chemistry and internal structures fibers of nonwoven fabric support layer positron-annihilation lifetime spectroscopy small-angle neutron scattering using contrast variation

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