Traceable and accurate quantification of iron in seawater using isotope dilution calibration strategies by triple quadrupole ICP-MS/MS: Characterization measurements of iron in a candidate seawater CRM.

Accurate quantification of iron is crucial for the characterization of a candidate seawater certified reference material. Isotope dilution mass spectrometry as a primary method is one of the option for this purpose. In this study, triethylamine (TEA) assisted Mg(OH) co-precipitation is developed and combined with isotope dilution mass spectrometry for the characterization of candidate certified reference material, UME CRM 1206. The analytical protocol of co-precipitation was optimized to achieve reproducible yields of ~100% Fe with high salt rejection (residual salinity ~0.003%). Three calibration strategies, single, double and triple isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) coupled with co-precipitation were investigated in terms of metrological aspects. The determination of Fe was carried out by ICP-MS with tandem configuration (ICP-MS/MS) using NH/He cell gas which was optimized for the minimum background equivalence concentration to be able to measure highly accurate Fe/Fe ratio with the highest possible sensitivity. The background corrected typical procedural blank levels and limit of detection calculated based on three times the standard deviation of blanks were found as 9 ng/kg (0.16 nM) and 11 ng/kg (0.20 nM) for single IDMS, respectively. Trueness of the developed analytical methods has been demonstrated using CASS-6 and NMIA MX014 with complete and very precise recoveries. SI-traceable values with combined uncertainty (k = 2) were obtained for single, double and triple IDMS as (12.70 ± 0.16) ng/g, (12.728 ± 0.084) ng/g and (12.732 ± 0.062) ng/g, respectively. The relative combined uncertainty for each approach was calculated as 0.64%, 0.33% and 0.24%, respectively.