the infection of cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) roots by meloidogyne incognita alters the expression of actin-depolymerizing factor (adf) genes, particularly in association with giant cell formation
Clicks: 346
ID: 214669
2016
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is threatened by substantial yield losses due to the south root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita). However, understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the process of nematode infection is still limited. In this study, we found that M. incognita infection affected the structure of cells in cucumber roots and treatment of the cytoskeleton inhibitor (cytochalasin D) reduced root-knot nematode (RKN) parasitism. It is known that Actin-Depolymerizing Factor (ADF) affects cell structure, as well as the organization of the cytoskeleton. To address the hypothesis that nematode-induced abnormal cell structures and cytoskeletal rearrangements might be mediated by the ADF genes, we identified and characterized eight cucumber ADF (CsADF) genes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the cucumber ADF gene family is grouped into four ancient subclasses. Expression analysis revealed that CsADF1, CsADF2-1, CsADF2-2, CsADF2-3 (Subclass I) and CsADF6 (Subclass III) have higher transcript levels than CsADF7-1, CsADF7-2 (Subclass II genes) and CsADF5 (Subclass IV) in roots. Members of subclass I genes (CsADF1, CsADF2-1, CsADF2-2 and CsADF2-3), with the exception of CsADF2-1, exhibited a induction of expression in roots 14 days after their inoculation (DAI) with nematodes. However, the expression of subclass II genes (CsADF7-1 and CsADF7-2) showed no significant change after inoculation. The transcript levels of CsADF6 (Subclass III) showed a specific induction at 21 DAI, while CsADF5 (Subclass IV) was weakly expressed in roots, but was strongly up-regulated as early as 7 DAI. In addition, treatment of roots with cytochalasin D caused an approximately two-fold down-regulation of the CsADF genes in the treated plants. These results suggest that CsADF gene mediated actin dynamics are associated with structural changes in roots as a consequence of M. incognita infection.
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| Authors | ;Bin Liu;Xingwang Liu;Ying Liu;Shudan Xue;Yanling Cai;Sen Yang;Mingming Dong;Yaqi Zhang;Huiling Liu;Binyu Zhao;Changhong Qi;Ning Zhu;Huazhong Ren |
| Journal | phytochemistry letters |
| Year | 2016 |
| DOI | 10.3389/fpls.2016.01393 |
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| Keywords |
Staging
behavior
mapping
brain
mitochondria
iron
snp
soybean
high-fat diet
tyrosine kinase inhibitors
disease resistance
fdg pet/ct
cucumber
virus-induced gene silencing
arabidopsis
abiotic stresses
cytoskeleton
meloidogyne incognita
Oncology
microarray analysis
including cancer and carcinogens
tumors
neuropsychiatry
biological psychiatry
foods and food supply
soybean mosaic virusmicrobiology
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