Enzymes for pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications.

Enzymes are highly efficient and selective biocatalysts, present in the living beings. They exist in enormous varieties in terms of the types of reactions catalyzed by them for instance oxidation-reduction, group transfers within the molecules or between the molecules, hydrolysis, isomerization, ligation, bond cleavage and bond formation. Besides, enzyme based catalyzes are performed with much higher fidelity, under mild reaction conditions and are highly efficient in terms of number of steps, giving them an edge over their chemical counter parts. The unique characteristics of enzymes makes them highly applicable fora number of chemical transformation reactions in pharmaceutical industries, such as group protection and de-protection, selective acylation and deacylation, selective hydrolysis, deracemization, kinetic resolution of racemic mixtures, esterification, transesterification and many others. In this review, an overview of the enzymes, their production and their applications in pharmaceutical synthesis and enzyme therapy are presented. This review is a brief summary of the vast applications of enzymes in the field of pharmaceuticals and therapeutics with diagrams, reaction schemes and table for easy understanding of the readers. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.