Erosion Behaviour of API X100 Pipeline Steel at Various Impact Angles and Particle Speeds
Clicks: 306
ID: 53945
2016
Erosion is the gradual removal of material due to solid particle impingement and results in a failure of pipeline materials. In this study, a series of erosion tests were carried out to investigate the influence of particle speed and impact angle on the erosion mechanism of API X100 pipeline steel. A dry erosion machine was used as the test equipment, while the particle speed ranged from 20 to 80 m/s and impact angles of 30° and 90° were used as test parameters. The eroded API X100 steel surface was characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The weight loss and erosion rate were also investigated. The results showed that at a 90° impact angle, a ploughing mechanism was occurring on the tested specimens, while material removal through low-angle cutting was the dominant mechanism at lower impact angles. Embedment of alumina particles on the target steel surface, micro-cutting, and low-angle cutting were observed at low impact angles. Therefore, the scratches, cuttings, and severe ploughings observed on some failed oil and gas pipelines could be attributed to the erosion mechanism.
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okonkwo2016erosionmetals
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| Authors | Okonkwo, Paul C.;Shakoor, Rana Abdul;Zagho, Moustafa M.;Mohamed, Adel Mohamed Amer; |
| Journal | metals |
| Year | 2016 |
| DOI | DOI not found |
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