Fipronil (Phenylpyrazole) induces hemato-biochemical, histological and genetic damage at low doses in common carp, Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758).

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the toxic effects of fipronil on common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The trial was performed in laboratory of Department of Life Sciences at the Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. Total of 72 fishes, with apparently no clinical signs were purchased from local fish hatchery near Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. After 2 weeks of acclimatization fish were divided into six groups in glass aquaria (each having 100 liters of water capacity) and treated with different concentrations of fipronil for 12 days: 0 mg/L-control group (A),0.02 mg/L (B),0.04 mg/L (C),0.06 mg/L (D),0.08 mg/L (E) and 0.10 mg/L (F). Blood samples were taken every 4 days for evaluation of hemato-biochemical parameters. Fish in high doses treated groups show severe abnormalities in clinical-hematological and biochemical parameters. At high dose in group E and F fish show clinical ailments such as convulsions, jerking, faintness, increase in operculum movement, body curvature and breathing difficulty. Erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, hematocrit were decreased significantly (P < 0.05) and mean corpuscular volume, total leukocyte count, neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes were significantly increased. Biochemical parameters including urea, creatinine, cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose were significantly increased but albumin was significantly decreased. Nuclear and cellular abnormalities were also increased in high dose treated groups. Hence fipronil induces clinico-hematological and serum biochemical changes in common carp C. carpio.