HYPERTENSION, DIABETES AND CKD THE OMINOUS TRIPLET

BACKGROUND Diabetes and disorders of kidney go hand in hand. Various forms of chronic kidney disease are linked with diabetes. Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney disease in India. Kidney ailment can be a shattering impediment, as it is linked with remarkable fall in both extent and quality of life. Hypertension is connected not only with causation, but it is also a foreseeable ending of CKD which abidingly aggravates in CKD Stages 3-5; along with that, acid-base balance, lipid profile, and glucose homeostasis gets disturbed too. HTN, proteinuria, and hyperlipidaemia may come into sight at any stage and therapy must be weighed down to specific levels. The frequency of hypertension has been on a steep rise. Increase in life expectancy and uncontrolled rise in the obesity are the two most important reasons behind this increasing prevalence. Hypertension customarily rides besides the advancing CKD, and it is often appallingly thought to be a cause rather than the effect of CKD. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied 1040 patients presenting to us, in the department of nephrology, JLNMCH, Bhagalpur, with renal failure and calculated the prevalence of the two main causes and associated conditions, i.e., diabetes and hypertension. RESULTS As high as 3/4th of the cases of ESRD are associated with hypertension and diabetes. Male to female ratio of renal association was 7:3.86%. Patients were above the age of 25 years, just 14% were below 25 years of which less than 1% were below 12 years of age. Out of these, 29 cases were a known case of diabetes mellitus either type I or type II. Of these a staggering 493 cases were having elevated blood pressure. CONCLUSION By and large the portrayal here was just a minuscule replica of the situation worldwide. With a great turmoil anticipated at the forefront, unless a brake is applied to the unending outburst of patients with diabetes and hypertension both of which fortunately are preventable and treatable, if managed carefully.