a novel small rna regulates tolerance and virulence in shigella flexneri by responding to acidic environmental changes

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2016
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Abstract
Shigella flexneri is an important cause of bacillary dysentery in developing countries. Small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) play essential roles in diverse cellular processes. We found a novel sRNA Ssr1 based on RT-PCR, northern blot, and 5´RACE in S. flexneri. Ssr1 responds to acidic environmental changes, as shown by a strong linear correlation between the pH value and Ssr1 expression (R = 0.785, P < 0.05) using the qRT-PCR method. Deletion of Ssr1 results in growth retardation at pH values ranging from 5.0 to 7.0 (P < 0.05), and the survival rate was reduced by 22% in acidic conditions (pH 3.0). Additionally, virulence was significantly increased in an Ssr1 mutant strain, as revealed in a murine lung invasion model and survival model assays. By using the sTarPicker method and proteomic analysis, we considered that DnaK, which is a major factor that confers acidic stress tolerance, may be a direct target of Ssr1. We also found that Ssr1 may enhance virulence by directly targeting OmpA; this leads to altered expression of genes in the type three secretion system. This work provides new insight into the mechanism of adaptation to environmental stress and into the pathogenesis of Shigella.
Reference Key
ewang2016frontiersa Use this key to autocite in the manuscript while using SciMatic Manuscript Manager or Thesis Manager
Authors ;Ligui eWang;guang eyang;xiang eli;leili ejia;jing exie;Shaofu eQiu;peng eli;rongzhang ehao;zhihao ewu;wuju eli;hongbin esong
Journal electronic physician
Year 2016
DOI 10.3389/fcimb.2016.00024
URL
http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fcimb.2016.00024/full
Keywords
virulence Screening antiviral short-term plasticity contrast sensitivity visual acuity high throughput response stress tolerance neurotransmitter mouse models neuropsychiatry biological psychiatry srnamicrobiology synaptic modelneurosciences

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