Compostagem domiciliar: implantação e avaliação do processo
Clicks: 281
ID: 22503
2013
No Brasil, os resíduos sólidos urbanos são uma problemática cada vez mais abordada tanto no âmbito formal, em normativas e legislações, como também nas práticas de gestão que envolvem a responsabilidade social e ambiental de indivíduos, empreendimentos e municípios. Entre os diversos constituintes desse resíduo, a matéria orgânica merece destaque, pois corresponde a mais da metade do total gerado. Como alternativa de tratamento e reciclagem, a compostagem domiciliar pode contribuir para aumentar o aproveitamento da fração orgânica gerada nas residências brasileiras. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um sistema de compostagem domiciliar e avaliar seu desempenho em quatro domicílios. Em cada residência foi instalado um reator metálico cilíndrico de 255L, e sobras de legumes, frutas e hortaliças foram adicionadas conforme a geração e cobertas com casca de arroz. O acompanhamento do sistema ocorreu através do registro semanal datemperatura e volume de preenchimento dentro dos reatores. Os compostos produzidos foram avaliados quanto os teores de microe macro nutrientes e também em relação seu estágio de maturação. O volume de resíduos destinado à coleta pública pôde ser reduzido diante da utilização dos mesmos na própria fonte de geração. Foi verificada a eficiência do sistema a partir do acompanhamento da temperatura e ausência de maus odores não característicos. Transcorrido 90 dias após fim do acompanhamento, foi constatado que três dos domicílios estudados continuaram com a atividade voluntariamente.
Abstract In Brazil, the Municipal Solid Waste (RSU, from Portuguese Resíduo Sólido Urbano) is a growing issue faced both in the formal field (regulatory laws) and in management practices concerning social and environmental responsibility of individuals, businesses and municipalities. Among several other components, organic matter corresponds to more than half of the entire amount of generated waste. As a treatment and recycling alternative, home composting can improve the use of this fraction generated by Brazilian households. Therefore, this work aims to implement and evaluate a home composting system in four households. In each residence, a cylindrical reactor of 255L was set up to store the leftovers of fruit and vegetables as they were produced, after which they were mixed and covered with rice hull. The temperature andvolume of the filled reactors were weekly recorded. Final composts were analyzed for the macro and micronutrients presented, and also for their maturity stage. As a result, it was possible to reduce the amount of waste allocated for public management by means of this recycling source. The efficiency of the process was evaluated based ontemperature monitoring and absence of unpleasant odors. After 90 days since the end of the process, three of the researched households were found to continue the composting system, voluntarily.
Abstract In Brazil, the Municipal Solid Waste (RSU, from Portuguese Resíduo Sólido Urbano) is a growing issue faced both in the formal field (regulatory laws) and in management practices concerning social and environmental responsibility of individuals, businesses and municipalities. Among several other components, organic matter corresponds to more than half of the entire amount of generated waste. As a treatment and recycling alternative, home composting can improve the use of this fraction generated by Brazilian households. Therefore, this work aims to implement and evaluate a home composting system in four households. In each residence, a cylindrical reactor of 255L was set up to store the leftovers of fruit and vegetables as they were produced, after which they were mixed and covered with rice hull. The temperature andvolume of the filled reactors were weekly recorded. Final composts were analyzed for the macro and micronutrients presented, and also for their maturity stage. As a result, it was possible to reduce the amount of waste allocated for public management by means of this recycling source. The efficiency of the process was evaluated based ontemperature monitoring and absence of unpleasant odors. After 90 days since the end of the process, three of the researched households were found to continue the composting system, voluntarily.
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Authors | Guidoni, Lucas Lourenço Castiglioni;Bittencourt, Gustavo;Marques, Roger Vasques;Corrêa, Luciara Bilhalva;Corrêa, Érico Kunde; |
Journal | tecno-lógica |
Year | 2013 |
DOI | DOI not found |
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Keywords | Keywords not found |
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