developing integrate: a fast and frugal patient-reported measure of integration in health care delivery

Background: Efforts have been made to measure integration in health care delivery, but few existing instruments have adopted a patient perspective, and none is sufficiently generic and brief for administration at scale. We sought to develop a brief and generic patient-reported measure of integration in health care delivery. Methods: Drawing on both existing conceptualisations of integrated care and research on patients’ perspectives, we chose to focus on four distinct domains of integration: information sharing,consistent advice, mutual respect and role clarity. We formulated candidate items and conducted cognitive interviews with end users to further develop and refine the items. We then pilot-tested the measure. Results: Four rounds of cognitive interviews were conducted (n = 14) and resulted in a four-item measure that was both relevant and understandable to end users. The pilot administration of the measure (n = 15) further confirmed the relevance and interpretability of items and demonstrated that the measure could be completed in less than one minute. Conclusions: This new measure, IntegRATE, represents a patient-reported measure of integration in health care delivery that is conducive to use in both routine performance monitoring and research. The psychometric properties of the measure will be assessed in the next stage of development.