gambaran perkembangan endodontologi masa kini

Development of the biomedical sciences, oral biology and dental material sciences have an impact in the development of endodontology. Similarly are biomolecular and immunology of the pulp and periapical tissue which should be anticipated to develop endodontic clinical services. To date conventional endodontic treatment has confined endodontic surgery. On the other hand, the endodontic surgery can executed with the development of endodontic microsurgery. The endodontic services in Indonesia is still to be elaborated. The Indonesian Department of Health has not established a direction of treatment of endodontic cases which consist of 47.83% (hospital) and 49.90% (Puskesmas) of all the cases of dental diseases, although extraction of permanent tooth has been restricted especially for the 12 years old.