criteria for generationof the multi-component objective of a reinforced concrete slab with account for the risk analysis Критерии формирования комплексной целевой функции железобетонной плиты с учетом анализа риска

Abstract

Generation of objectives should take account of the requirements of cost efficiency, technological effectiveness, reliability and safety. Complex objectives include the production cost of a reinforced concrete slab, operating costs and risks.Possibility of an emergency situation should be taken into account while calculating and constructing elements. The most reasonable way to minimize the damage caused by an emergency situation is to analyze the failure. A risk is defined as a probability of structural failure with implications of a certain level taking place within a certain period of operation. The damage caused by the total or partial destruction of a concrete slab is calculated on the basis of its residual cost, as well as the lowest required expenses for its repair and reconstruction. The «R – S» (risk–damage) function is most closely approximated by an exponential curve. Typically, reduction of the risk value leads to the cost increase of the construction. On the other hand, the risk increase may result in the structural failure in a shorter period of time. The proposed objective function offers the most adequate evaluation of the cost of designed projects considering the probability of emergency situations.
Метод расчета и оптимизации строительных конструкций может быть существенно усовершенствован за счет более широкого использования анализа риска. Использование вероятностного аппарата позволяет количественно определить степень безопасности конструкции, а также проектировать их по критерию минимальной стоимости. Для этого формируется целевая функция, учитывающая весь комплекс затрат и ущерб от возможных аварийных воздействий.