Depression in Youth Exposed to Disasters, Terrorism and Political Violence.

Abstract

This paper reviews recent research on the depression in young people following exposure to catastrophic stresses such as disasters, terrorism and political violence.Depression is one of the commonest outcomes following mass trauma, for all ages including children and adolescents. Recent articles continue to report high prevalence of depression which often continues for years. It is often comorbid with other psychiatric disorders, especially PTSD. Post-traumatic depression in children and adolescence affects purpose of life, impairs scholastic achievements, increases suicidality and has extensive comorbidity. Besides the trauma, individual constructs, personality factors, social support, exposure to other traumatic events are some of the predicting factors. Biological and genetic basis of post-traumatic depression has been reported. Studies suggest some benefit to psychotherapeutic interventions such as trauma-focussed cognitive behavioural therapy and web-based therapy. A considerable proportion of youths develop depression following mass traumatic events. More research is required regarding the effectiveness of interventions in this population.