Retrospective analysis of relationships among the dose regimen, trough concentration, efficacy, and safety of teicoplanin in Chinese patients with moderate–severe Gram-positive infections

Abstract

Retrospective analysis of relationships among the dose regimen, trough concentration, efficacy, and safety of teicoplanin in Chinese patients with moderate-severe Gram-positive infections Lijuan Zhou,1,* Yanqiu Gao,2 Wei Cao,1 Jia Liu,1 Hongya Guan,1 Hua Zhang,2 Yun Shi,3 Wenying Lv,4 Long Cheng5,* 1Translational Medicine Center, 2Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Zhengzhou Central Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 3Department of Gynecology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 4Chaoyangmen Community Health Service Center, 5Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China *These authors contributed equally to this work Objectives: Teicoplanin, an antibiotic, has poor clinical efficacy when using the current drug label’s recommended regimen, which is approved by the China Food and Drug Administration. This study explores the appropriate loading and maintenance doses of teicoplanin and evaluates the therapeutic target of teicoplanin trough concentration (minimum concentration [Cmin]).Subjects and methods: All patients treated with teicoplanin from February 2015 to August 2016 at Zhengzhou Central Hospital were screened for enrollment. A total of 113 subjects were included and then divided into four groups: A (received three to six doses at a loading dose of 400 mg at 12-hour intervals, followed by maintenance dosing of 400 mg/day), B (received three doses at a loading dose of 400 mg at 12-hour intervals, followed by maintenance dosing of 400 mg/day), C (received two doses at a loading dose of 400 mg at 12-hour intervals, followed by maintenance dosing of 200 mg/day), and D (received one to three doses at a loading dose of 400 mg at 12-hour intervals, followed by maintenance dosing of 200 mg/day). Cmin values of teicoplanin were detected with high-performance liquid chromatography on day 4, 30 minutes before maintenance-dose administration. Teicoplanin Cmin, efficacy, and safety were compared among the four groups.Results: Mean Cmin differed significantly among the four groups (A, 18.11±6.37 mg/L; B, 15.91±4.94 mg/L; C, 17.06±5.66 mg/L; D, 11.97±3.76 mg/L) (P